Test 5 · ★ · Sharp things, small objects and little ones

Ava's mum cuts grapes in four lengthways for her toddler. Why lengthways?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: mum · What happens: cut · To what, where: grapes, four lengthways

This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 112 «Sharp things, small objects and little ones» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Ava's mum cuts grapes in four lengthways for her toddler.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ava	Ava	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 mum	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 Ava	case
3	mum	mum	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cuts	nsubj
4	cuts	cut	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	grapes	grape	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 cuts	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 lengthways	case
7	four	four	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 lengthways	nummod
8	lengthways	lengthway	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 cuts	obl
9	for	for	ADP	_	11 toddler	case
10	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 toddler	nmod:poss
11	toddler	toddler	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cuts	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 cuts	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cut	present	Ava's mum	grapes		four lengthways		for mum's toddler	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent grape=Material for toddler=Beneficiary

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why lengthways?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Rel	root	root
2	lengthways	lengthway	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Why	nsubj
3	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 Why	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

The options

Option 1

Grapes are easier to grow and pick that way, so they are cheaper in the shops

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Grapes	grape	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 easier	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 easier	cop
3	easier	easy	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 grow	mark
5	grow	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 easier	xcomp
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 pick	cc
7	pick	pick	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 grow	conj
8	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	9 way	det
9	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 pick	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 cheaper	punct
11	so	so	ADV	_	14 cheaper	advmod
12	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 cheaper	nsubj
13	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 cheaper	cop
14	cheaper	cheap	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 easier	conj
15	in	in	ADP	_	17 shops	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 shops	det
17	shops	shop	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 cheaper	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	present	Grapes			easy property	tree rules
2	grow	to-infinitive	Grapes not said here				vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	pick	infinitive	Grapes not said here	that way			vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Patient
4	is	present	Grapes = grape		the shops	cheap property	tree rules

Option 2

It makes the grapes taste sweeter and juicier for little children

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 makes	nsubj
2	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 grapes	det
4	grapes	grape	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 taste	nsubj
5	taste	taste	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 makes	ccomp
6	sweeter	sweet	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 taste	xcomp
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 juicier	cc
8	juicier	juicy	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 sweeter	conj
9	for	for	ADP	_	11 children	case
10	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 children	amod
11	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 taste	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	It						tree rules
2	taste	present	the grapes					for little children; sweet property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus

Option 3

It stops the juice spilling

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 stops	nsubj
2	stops	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 spilling	det
4	juice	juice	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 spilling	compound
5	spilling	spilling	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 stops	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	present	It	the juice spilling					vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality spilling=Eventuality

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Round firm pieces can block a small airway, long thin ones are safer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Round	round	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 pieces	amod
2	firm	firm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 pieces	amod
3	pieces	piece	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 block	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 block	aux
5	block	block	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 airway	det
7	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 airway	amod
8	airway	airway	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 block	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 safer	punct
10	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 ones	amod
11	thin	thin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 ones	amod
12	ones	one	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 safer	nsubj
13	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 safer	cop
14	safer	safe	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 block	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	block	can	Round firm pieces	a small airway					vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer airway=Theme
2	is	present	long thin ones					safe property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/112-sharp-things-and-little-ones/t5/