Test 4 · ★ · Babies, button batteries and magnets

Why is a babysitter told never to shake a crying baby?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: babysitter · What happens: be, tell, not shake, cry · To what, where: babysitter, crying baby · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 113 «Babies, button batteries and magnets» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Rel	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Why	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 babysitter	det
4	babysitter	babysitter	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Why	nsubj
5	told	tell	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 babysitter	acl
6	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	8 shake	advmod
7	to	to	PART	_	8 shake	mark
8	shake	shake	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 told	xcomp
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 baby	det
10	crying	cry	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 baby	amod
11	baby	baby	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 shake	obj
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 Why	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	a babysitter		why property	tree rules
2	tell speech: assert	participle		a babysitter not said here		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	not shake not said to happen	to-infinitive	a babysitter not said here	a crying baby		vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent baby=Patient
4	cry speech: express	gerund				vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

A baby's brain can be badly hurt by shaking

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 baby	det
2	baby	baby	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 brain	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 baby	case
4	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 hurt	nsubj:pass
5	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 hurt	aux
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	8 hurt	aux:pass
7	badly	badly	ADV	Degree=Pos	8 hurt	advmod
8	hurt	hurt	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
9	by	by	ADP	_	10 shaking	case
10	shaking	shaking	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 hurt	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hurt	can · passive	shaking	a baby's brain				badly property	vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer subject=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Shaking makes the baby forget its parents

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Shaking	shake	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 makes	nsubj
2	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 baby	det
4	baby	baby	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 makes	obj
5	forget	forget	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 makes	xcomp
6	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 parents	nmod:poss
7	parents	parent	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 forget	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	shake	gerund			vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
2	make	present		the baby	tree rules
3	forget	infinitive	the baby not said here	baby's parents	tree rules

Option 3

Shaking only works to calm older babies, not newborns

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Shaking	shake	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 works	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 works	advmod
3	works	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 calm	mark
5	calm	calm	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 works	advcl
6	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	7 babies	amod
7	babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 calm	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 newborns	punct
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	10 newborns	advmod
10	newborns	newborn	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 works	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	roles by
1	shake	gerund		vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
2	work	present	newborns	vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	calm	to-infinitive	older babies	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus baby=Experiencer

Option 4

It makes the baby too tired to eat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 makes	nsubj
2	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 baby	det
4	baby	baby	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 makes	obj
5	too	too	ADV	_	6 tired	advmod
6	tired	tired	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 makes	xcomp
7	to	to	PART	_	8 eat	mark
8	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 tired	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	It	the baby				tired property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material baby=Product
2	eat	to-infinitive	the baby not said here						vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/113-babies-batteries-and-magnets/t4/