Exam question 1 · Neighbours, deliveries, heating and cooling

Identify the principal reason for which a portable heater must not be covered or placed near curtains and bedding.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify, not cover, place · To what, where: principal reason, portable heater, curtains

This is exam question 1 of lesson 117 «Neighbours, deliveries, heating and cooling» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 covered	obl
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 heater	det
8	portable	portable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 heater	amod
9	heater	heater	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 covered	nsubj:pass
10	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 covered	aux
11	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	13 covered	advmod
12	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	13 covered	aux:pass
13	covered	cover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 reason	acl:relcl
14	or	or	CCONJ	_	15 placed	cc
15	placed	place	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 covered	conj
16	near	near	ADP	_	17 curtains	case
17	curtains	curtain	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 placed	obl
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 bedding	cc
19	bedding	bedding	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 curtains	conj
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason			vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	not cover	must · passive		a portable heater		for the principal reason	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Destination
3	place	participle			curtains and bedding		vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent near curtain=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It will use a great deal more electricity and raise the bill

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 use	nsubj
2	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 use	aux
3	use	use	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 deal	det
5	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 deal	amod
6	deal	deal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 use	obj
7	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	8 electricity	amod
8	electricity	electricity	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 deal	nmod
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 raise	cc
10	raise	raise	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 use	conj
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 bill	det
12	bill	bill	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 raise	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	future	It	a great deal more electricity					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent deal=Patient
2	raise	infinitive		the bill					vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bill=Theme

Option 2

It will make the curtains fade in colour

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 make	nsubj
2	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 make	aux
3	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 curtains	det
5	curtains	curtain	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 fade	nsubj
6	fade	fade	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 make	xcomp
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 colour	case
8	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 fade	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	future	It						tree rules
2	fade	present	the curtains			colour			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 3

It will cease to produce any heat at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 cease	nsubj
2	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 cease	aux
3	cease	cease	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 produce	mark
5	produce	produce	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 cease	xcomp
6	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	7 heat	det
7	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 produce	obj
8	at	at	ADP	_	9 all	case
9	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 produce	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cease	future	It						vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
2	produce	to-infinitive		any heat		all			vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heat=Result

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It may set the fabric alight and start a fire

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 set	nsubj
2	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 set	aux
3	set	set	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 fabric	det
5	fabric	fabric	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 set	obj
6	alight	alight	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 set	xcomp
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 start	cc
8	start	start	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 set	conj
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 fire	det
10	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 start	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	set	may	It	the fabric				alight property	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient fabric=Result
2	start	infinitive		a fire					vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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