Test 1 · Greeting friends and relatives

A boy in Toronto is cross because he lost a game, and his friend Ella says "Hi!" What is best?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: boy, friend · What happens: be, lose, say · To what, where: game · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 of lesson 122 «Greeting friends and relatives» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A boy in Toronto is cross because he lost a game, and his friend Ella says "Hi!"

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 boy	det
2	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 cross	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 Toronto	case
4	Toronto	Toronto	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 boy	nmod
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 cross	cop
6	cross	cross	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	because	because	SCONJ	_	9 lost	mark
8	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 lost	nsubj
9	lost	lose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 cross	advcl
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 game	det
11	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 lost	obj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 says	punct
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 says	cc
14	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 friend	nmod:poss
15	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 says	nsubj
16	Ella	Ella	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 friend	appos
17	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 cross	parataxis
18	"	"	PUNCT	_	19 Hi	punct
19	Hi	hi	INTJ	_	17 says	ccomp
20	!	!	PUNCT	_	19 Hi	punct
21	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 cross	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	a boy in Toronto		cross property	tree rules
2	lose	past	boy	a game		vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent game=Eventuality
3	say speech: assert	present	boy's friend			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is best?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 best	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 best	cop
3	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 best	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						good property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Say nothing until tomorrow

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Say	say	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	1 Say	obj
3	until	until	ADP	_	4 tomorrow	case
4	tomorrow	tomorrow	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Say	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	imperative	you not said here	nothing			tomorrow		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent nothing=Topic

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Say "Hi, Ella" and explain later that he is cross about the game

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Say	say	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 Ella	punct
3	Hi	hi	INTJ	_	5 Ella	discourse
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Ella	punct
5	Ella	Ella	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Say	parataxis
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 Ella	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 explain	cc
8	explain	explain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Say	conj
9	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	8 explain	advmod
10	that	that	SCONJ	_	13 cross	mark
11	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 cross	nsubj
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 cross	cop
13	cross	cross	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 explain	ccomp
14	about	about	ADP	_	16 game	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 game	det
16	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 cross	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	imperative	you not said here		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	explain speech: assert	infinitive	you not said here	late property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	is	present	Ella	about the game; cross property	tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Turn away without a word so that Ella can see how cross he really is

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Turn	turn	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	away	away	ADV	_	1 Turn	advmod
3	without	without	ADP	_	5 word	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 word	det
5	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Turn	obl
6	so	so	SCONJ	ExtPos=SCONJ	10 see	mark
7	that	that	SCONJ	_	6 so	fixed
8	Ella	Ella	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 see	nsubj
9	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 see	aux
10	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Turn	advcl
11	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	12 cross	advmod
12	cross	cross	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 see	obj
13	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 is	nsubj
14	really	really	ADV	_	15 is	advmod
15	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 cross	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	turn away	imperative	you not said here		without a word; away property	vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	see	can	Ella	cross		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cross=Stimulus
3	be	present	Ella	cross not said here		vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot cross=Theme

Option 4

Tell Ella it is her fault

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tell	tell	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	Ella	Ella	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Tell	obj
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 fault	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 fault	cop
5	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 fault	nmod:poss
6	fault	fault	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Tell	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	imperative	you not said here		Ella				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent ella=Recipient
2	is a	present	it	Ella's fault					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/122-greeting-friends-and-relatives/t1/