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Test 5 · ★ · Birthday parties

A boy in Sydney leans over and blows out his friend's candles first as a joke. Why is that wrong?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: boy, that · What happens: lean over, blow out, be · To what, where: candles

This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 130 «Birthday parties» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A boy in Sydney leans over and blows out his friend's candles first as a joke.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 boy	det
2	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 leans	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 Sydney	case
4	Sydney	Sydney	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 boy	nmod
5	leans	lean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	over	over	ADV	_	5 leans	advmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 blows	cc
8	blows	blow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 leans	conj
9	out	out	ADP	_	8 blows	compound:prt
10	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 friend	nmod:poss
11	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 candles	nmod:poss
12	's	's	PART	_	11 friend	case
13	candles	candle	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 blows	obj
14	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	8 blows	advmod
15	as	as	ADP	_	17 joke	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 joke	det
17	joke	joke	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 blows	obl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 leans	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lean over	present	a boy in Sydney					over property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	blow out	present	a boy in Sydney not said here	boy's friend's candles				as a joke; first property	vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent candle=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why is that wrong?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 wrong	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 wrong	cop
3	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 wrong	nsubj
4	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 wrong	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	that					wrong property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Candles must only be blown out by adults

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Candles	candle	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 blown	nsubj:pass
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 blown	aux
3	only	only	ADV	_	5 blown	advmod
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 blown	aux:pass
5	blown	blow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	out	out	ADP	_	5 blown	compound:prt
7	by	by	ADP	_	8 adults	case
8	adults	adult	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 blown	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	blow out	must · passive	adults	Candles					vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent subject=Patient

Option 2

The cake will taste worse

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cake	det
2	cake	cake	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 taste	nsubj
3	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 taste	aux
4	taste	taste	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	worse	bad	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 taste	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	taste	future	the cake					bad property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus

Option 3

It makes the candles harder to light again

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 makes	nsubj
2	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 candles	det
4	candles	candle	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 makes	obj
5	harder	hard	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 makes	xcomp
6	to	to	PART	_	7 light	mark
7	light	light	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 harder	xcomp
8	again	again	ADV	_	2 makes	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	It	the candles			again	hard property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material candle=Product
2	light	to-infinitive	the candles not said here						vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It is the birthday child's special moment

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 moment	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 moment	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 child	det
4	birthday	birthday	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 child	compound
5	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 moment	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 child	case
7	special	special	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 moment	amod
8	moment	moment	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	the birthday child's special moment					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/130-birthday-parties/t5/