Exam question 1 · Weather signs and the 30-30 rule

It being given that the interval between a flash of lightning and the ensuing thunder is fifteen seconds, determine the appropriate course of action.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: interval, lightning · What happens: give, ensue, be, determine, flash · To what, where: It, fifteen seconds, appropriate course

This is exam question 1 of lesson 15 «Weather signs and the 30-30 rule» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	18 seconds	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 interval	det
6	interval	interval	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 seconds	nsubj
7	between	between	ADP	_	9 flash	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 flash	det
9	flash	flash	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 interval	nmod
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 lightning	case
11	lightning	lightning	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 flash	nmod
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 thunder	cc
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 thunder	det
14	ensuing	ensue	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	15 thunder	amod
15	thunder	thunder	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 flash	conj
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 seconds	cop
17	fifteen	fifteen	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	18 seconds	nummod
18	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 given	advcl
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 determine	punct
20	determine	determine	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 given	conj
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 course	det
22	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 course	amod
23	course	course	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 determine	obj
24	of	of	ADP	_	25 action	case
25	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 course	nmod
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	give	gerund · passive		It	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	ensue	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	is a	present	the interval between a flash of lightning and the ensuing thunder	fifteen seconds	tree rules
4	determine	infinitive		the appropriate course of action	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent course=Topic
5	flash		lightning		nom flash «event intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

To remain out of doors, the storm being at such a distance as to lie beyond any possible danger to persons

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 remain	mark
2	remain	remain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	out	out	ADP	_	5 doors	case
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 doors	case
5	doors	door	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 distance	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 storm	punct
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 storm	det
8	storm	storm	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 distance	nsubj
9	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	13 distance	cop
10	at	at	ADP	_	13 distance	case
11	such	such	DET	PronType=Ind	13 distance	det:predet
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 distance	det
13	distance	distance	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 remain	obl
14	as	as	SCONJ	_	16 lie	mark
15	to	to	PART	_	16 lie	mark
16	lie	lie	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 distance	acl
17	beyond	beyond	ADP	_	20 danger	case
18	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	20 danger	det
19	possible	possible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 danger	amod
20	danger	danger	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 lie	obl
21	to	to	ADP	_	22 persons	case
22	persons	person	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 danger	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	remain	to-infinitive				vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	gerund	the storm	doors	at such distance	tree rules
3	lie	to-infinitive		any possible danger to persons		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent beyond danger=Location

Option 2

To wait until the interval falls below five seconds before taking any action whatsoever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 wait	mark
2	wait	wait	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
3	until	until	SCONJ	_	6 falls	mark
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 interval	det
5	interval	interval	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 falls	nsubj
6	falls	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 wait	advcl
7	below	below	ADV	_	8 five	advmod
8	five	five	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 seconds	nummod
9	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 wait	obl:unmarked
10	before	before	SCONJ	_	11 taking	mark
11	taking	take	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 wait	advcl
12	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	13 action	det
13	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 taking	obj
14	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	_	11 taking	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	wait	to-infinitive			second		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	fall	present	the interval				vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	take	gerund		any action		whatsoever property	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent action=Theme

Option 3

To shelter beneath the tallest tree in the vicinity

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 shelter	mark
2	shelter	shelter	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	beneath	beneath	ADP	_	6 tree	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 tree	det
5	tallest	tall	ADJ	Degree=Sup	6 tree	amod
6	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 shelter	obl
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 vicinity	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 vicinity	det
9	vicinity	vicinity	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 shelter	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shelter	to-infinitive				the vicinity		beneath the tallest tree	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme beneath tree=Location

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

To proceed at once into a building or a hard-topped vehicle, the interval being thirty seconds or less

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 proceed	mark
2	proceed	proceed	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	at	at	ADP	_	4 once	case
4	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	2 proceed	obl
5	into	into	ADP	_	7 building	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 building	det
7	building	building	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 proceed	obl
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	13 vehicle	cc
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 vehicle	det
10	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 topped	compound
11	-	-	PUNCT	_	10 hard	punct
12	topped	top	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 vehicle	amod
13	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 building	conj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 seconds	punct
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 interval	det
16	interval	interval	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 seconds	nsubj
17	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	19 seconds	cop
18	thirty	thirty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	19 seconds	nummod
19	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 building	appos
20	or	or	CCONJ	_	21 less	cc
21	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	19 seconds	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	proceed	to-infinitive			a building or a topped vehicle	vn begin-55.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent
2	top	participle				vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme
3	is a	gerund	the interval	thirty seconds		tree rules
4	be		the interval not said here			tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/15-weather-signs/e1/