Test 1 · ★ · Weather signs and the 30-30 rule

At a picnic in Colorado, Ella counts 15 seconds from a flash to the thunder. Which is true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Ella · What happens: count, be · To what, where: picnic

This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 15 «Weather signs and the 30-30 rule» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: At a picnic in Colorado, Ella counts 15 seconds from a flash to the thunder.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	At	at	ADP	_	3 picnic	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 picnic	det
3	picnic	picnic	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 counts	obl
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 Colorado	case
5	Colorado	Colorado	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 picnic	nmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 picnic	punct
7	Ella	Ella	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 counts	nsubj
8	counts	count	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	15	15	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	10 seconds	nummod
10	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 counts	obj
11	from	from	ADP	_	13 flash	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 flash	det
13	flash	flash	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 counts	obl
14	to	to	ADP	_	16 thunder	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 thunder	det
16	thunder	thunder	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 counts	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 counts	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	count	present	Ella			a picnic in Colorado	second	from a flash; to the thunder	vn matter-91 «NP V PP.experiencer»: agent=Stimulus to thunder=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which is true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The lightning is about 5 km away, so they should go inside

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 lightning	det
2	lightning	lightning	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 away	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 away	cop
4	about	about	ADV	_	5 5	advmod
5	5	5	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	6 km	nummod
6	km	km	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 away	obl:unmarked
7	away	away	ADV	_	root	root
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 go	punct
9	so	so	ADV	_	12 go	advmod
10	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 go	nsubj
11	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 go	aux
12	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 away	conj
13	inside	inside	ADV	_	12 go	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the lightning					5 km obl:unmarked; away property	tree rules
2	go	should	km					inside property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

They should wait until it is closer before moving

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 wait	nsubj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 wait	aux
3	wait	wait	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	until	until	SCONJ	_	7 closer	mark
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 closer	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 closer	cop
7	closer	close	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 wait	advcl
8	before	before	SCONJ	_	9 moving	mark
9	moving	move	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 closer	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	wait	should	They		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	present	it	close property	tree rules
3	move	gerund			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

The storm is too far away to be any danger to them at all yet

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 storm	det
2	storm	storm	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 away	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 away	cop
4	too	too	ADV	_	5 far	advmod
5	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 away	advmod
6	away	away	ADV	_	root	root
7	to	to	PART	_	10 danger	mark
8	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	10 danger	cop
9	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	10 danger	det
10	danger	danger	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 away	advcl
11	to	to	ADP	_	12 them	case
12	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 danger	nmod
13	at	at	ADP	_	14 all	case
14	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	10 danger	nmod
15	yet	yet	ADV	_	6 away	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the storm				yet	away, far property	tree rules
2	is a	to-infinitive	the storm not said here	any danger	them = they	all			tree rules

Option 4

They are safe if they stay under a big tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 safe	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 safe	cop
3	safe	safe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	if	if	SCONJ	_	6 stay	mark
5	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 stay	nsubj
6	stay	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 safe	advcl
7	under	under	ADP	_	10 tree	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 tree	det
9	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 tree	amod
10	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stay	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	They					safe property	tree rules
2	stay a condition, not said to happen	present	they			a big tree			vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under tree=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/15-weather-signs/t1/