Exam question 1 · Remembering details

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the effect of conversation upon a memory of an event?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, effect · To what, where: effect, conversation

This is exam question 1 of lesson 18 «Remembering details» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 effect	det
10	effect	effect	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 conversation	case
12	conversation	conversation	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 effect	nmod
13	upon	upon	ADP	_	15 memory	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 memory	det
15	memory	memory	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 conversation	nmod
16	of	of	ADP	_	18 event	case
17	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 event	det
18	event	event	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 memory	nmod
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the effect of conversation upon a memory of a event	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	effect		conversation upon a memory of a event		nom effect «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Memories become wholly fixed once they have been discussed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Memories	memory	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 become	nsubj
2	become	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	wholly	wholly	ADV	_	4 fixed	advmod
4	fixed	fix	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 become	xcomp
5	once	once	SCONJ	_	9 discussed	mark
6	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 discussed	nsubj
7	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 discussed	aux
8	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	9 discussed	aux:pass
9	discussed	discuss	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 fixed	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	become	present	Memories			tree rules
2	fix	participle	Memories not said here		wholly property	vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
3	discuss speech: other	present · perfect · passive		Memories = memory		vn chit_chat-37.6-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic

Option 2

Memories are unaffected by any conversation

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Memories	memory	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 unaffected	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 unaffected	cop
3	unaffected	unaffected	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 conversation	case
5	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	6 conversation	det
6	conversation	conversation	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 unaffected	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Memories					by any conversation; unaffected property	tree rules

Option 3

Discussion invariably renders a memory more accurate

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Discussion	discussion	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 renders	nsubj
2	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	3 renders	advmod
3	renders	render	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 memory	det
5	memory	memory	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 renders	obj
6	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	7 accurate	advmod
7	accurate	accurate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 renders	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	render	present	Discussion	a memory				invariably property	vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent memory=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Memories may be altered through discussion, wherefore one should report what one personally observed

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Memories	memory	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 altered	nsubj:pass
2	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 altered	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 altered	aux:pass
4	altered	alter	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	through	through	ADP	_	6 discussion	case
6	discussion	discussion	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 altered	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 report	punct
8	wherefore	wherefore	ADV	PronType=Int	11 report	advmod
9	one	one	PRON	Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 report	nsubj
10	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 report	aux
11	report	report	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 altered	conj
12	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	11 report	obj
13	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 report	obj
14	personally	personally	ADV	_	15 observed	advmod
15	observed	observe	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 report	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	alter	may · passive		Memories	discussion		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient
2	report	should	one	one		wherefore property	tree rules
3	observe	participle	one not said here			personally property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/18-remembering-details/e1/