Test 19 · ★ · Why people lie, and what is not a lie
my brother's mate says his little sister told everyone a dragon lives in their shed lol, she's a liar right
Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: mate, little sister, dragon · What happens: say, tell, live, be · To what, where: everyone, shed, liar · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 19 · ★ of lesson 195 «Why people lie, and what is not a lie» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 brother | nmod:poss |
| 2 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 mate | nmod:poss |
| 3 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 2 brother | case |
| 4 | mate | mate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 says | nsubj |
| 5 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 sister | nmod:poss |
| 7 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 sister | amod |
| 8 | sister | sister | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 told | nsubj |
| 9 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 says | ccomp |
| 10 | everyone | everyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Tot | 9 told | obj |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 dragon | det |
| 12 | dragon | dragon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 lives | nsubj |
| 13 | lives | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 told | ccomp |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 shed | case |
| 15 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 shed | nmod:poss |
| 16 | shed | shed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 lives | obl |
| 17 | lol | lol | INTJ | _ | 9 told | discourse |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 liar | punct |
| 19 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 liar | nsubj |
| 20 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 liar | cop |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 liar | det |
| 22 | liar | liar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 says | ccomp |
| 23 | right | right | ADV | _ | 5 says | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | my brother's mate | right property | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | past | mate's little sister | everyone | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent everyone=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | live | present | a dragon | their shed | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in shed=Location | ||||
| 4 | is a | present | dragon | a liar | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ✓ the right answer
No; very young children mix up pretend and real, it's imagination
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 6 mix | discourse |
| 2 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 6 mix | punct |
| 3 | very | very | ADV | _ | 4 young | advmod |
| 4 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 children | amod |
| 5 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 mix | nsubj |
| 6 | mix | mix | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | up | up | ADP | _ | 6 mix | compound:prt |
| 8 | pretend | pretend | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 mix | xcomp |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 real | cc |
| 10 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 pretend | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 mix | punct |
| 12 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 imagination | nsubj |
| 13 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 imagination | cop |
| 14 | imagination | imagination | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 mix | parataxis |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mix up | present | young children | pretend property | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | it | imagination | tree rules |
Option 2
She should be punished for lying
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 punished | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 punished | aux |
| 3 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 4 punished | aux:pass |
| 4 | punished | punish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | for | for | ADP | _ | 6 lying | case |
| 6 | lying | lying | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 punished | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | punish | should · passive | She | for lying | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Patient for lying=Theme |
Option 3
Yes, she's telling a wicked lie
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 5 telling | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 telling | nsubj |
| 4 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 telling | aux |
| 5 | telling | tell | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 lie | det |
| 7 | wicked | wicked | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 lie | amod |
| 8 | lie | lie | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 telling | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert | present · progressive | she | a wicked lie | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent lie=Recipient |
Option 4 · ← Mova's choice
Dragons might really live in sheds
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dragons | dragon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 live | nsubj |
| 2 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 live | aux |
| 3 | really | really | ADV | _ | 4 live | advmod |
| 4 | live | live | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 sheds | case |
| 6 | sheds | shed | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 live | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | might | Dragons | sheds | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in shed=Location |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/195-why-people-lie/t19/