Test 11 · ★★ · Telling when someone may be lying

she swore cross my heart so it must be true

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: she, heart · What happens: swear, cross, be · To what, where: heart

This is test 11 · ★★ of lesson 198 «Telling when someone may be lying» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 swore	nsubj
2	swore	swear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	cross	cross	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 swore	xcomp
4	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 heart	nmod:poss
5	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 cross	obj
6	so	so	ADV	_	10 true	advmod
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 true	nsubj
8	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 true	aux
9	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	10 true	cop
10	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 swore	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	swear	past	she			vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	cross	infinitive	she not said here	my heart		vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Patient
3	is	must	heart		true property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Yes, nobody would ever lie after saying cross my heart

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 lie	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	6 lie	nsubj
4	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 lie	aux
5	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	6 lie	advmod
6	lie	lie	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	after	after	SCONJ	_	8 saying	mark
8	saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 lie	advcl
9	cross	cross	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 saying	ccomp
10	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 heart	nmod:poss
11	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 cross	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	roles by
1	lie	would	nobody		ever	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	say speech: assert	gerund	nobody not said here			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	cross	infinitive		my heart		vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Patient

Option 2

Yes, that's a real promise

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	7 promise	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	7 promise	nsubj
4	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 promise	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 promise	det
6	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 promise	amod
7	promise	promise	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	that	a real promise					tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

No, swearing hard doesn't make it more true

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	3 swearing	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	swearing	swear	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 make	csubj
4	hard	hard	ADV	Degree=Pos	3 swearing	advmod
5	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 make	aux
6	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 make	advmod
7	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 make	obj
9	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	10 true	amod
10	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 make	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swear	gerund						hard property	vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	not make	present · do-support	swearing	it				true property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product

Option 4

Only if she said it twice

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	4 said	advmod
2	if	if	SCONJ	_	4 said	mark
3	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 said	nsubj
4	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 said	obj
6	twice	twice	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	4 said	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	she	it				twice property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent it=Topic

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/198-telling-when-someone-may-be-lying/t11/