Test 3 · ★★ · Telling when someone may be lying

A man on TV says a pill makes you taller in a week and swears it really works. What should you think?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: man, pill, you · What happens: say, make, swear, work, think · To what, where: you, pill · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 3 · ★★ of lesson 198 «Telling when someone may be lying» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A man on TV says a pill makes you taller in a week and swears it really works.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 man	det
2	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 says	nsubj
3	on	on	ADP	_	4 TV	case
4	TV	TV	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 man	nmod
5	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 pill	det
7	pill	pill	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 makes	nsubj
8	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 says	ccomp
9	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	8 makes	obj
10	taller	tall	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	8 makes	xcomp
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 week	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 week	det
13	week	week	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 taller	obl
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 swears	cc
15	swears	swear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 makes	conj
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 swears	obj
17	really	really	ADV	_	18 works	advmod
18	works	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 swears	ccomp
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a man on TV			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	make	present	a pill	you	tall property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset you=Product
3	swear	present	a pill not said here	pill		tree rules
4	work	present	a pill not said here			vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What should you think?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 think	obj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 think	aux
3	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 think	nsubj
4	think	think	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 think	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	think speech: other	should	you						vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot what=Theme

The options

Option 1

It works for some people, so it must be fine for everybody to take

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 works	nsubj
2	works	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	for	for	ADP	_	5 people	case
4	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	5 people	det
5	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 works	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 fine	punct
7	so	so	ADV	_	11 fine	advmod
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 fine	expl
9	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 fine	aux
10	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	11 fine	cop
11	fine	fine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 works	conj
12	for	for	ADP	_	13 everybody	case
13	everybody	everybody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	11 fine	obl
14	to	to	PART	_	15 take	mark
15	take	take	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 fine	csubj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	work	present	It	for some people	vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for people=Beneficiary
2	is	must		for everybody; fine property	tree rules
3	take	to-infinitive			vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 2

If he swears, it must be true

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	If	if	SCONJ	_	3 swears	mark
2	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 swears	nsubj
3	swears	swear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 true	advcl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 swears	punct
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 true	nsubj
6	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 true	aux
7	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	8 true	cop
8	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swear a condition, not said to happen	present	he						vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is	must	it					true property	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

An amazing claim needs good evidence, not swearing

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 claim	det
2	amazing	amazing	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 claim	amod
3	claim	claim	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 needs	nsubj
4	needs	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 evidence	amod
6	evidence	evidence	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 needs	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 swearing	punct
8	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 swearing	advmod
9	swearing	swear	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 needs	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present	a amazing claim	good evidence					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot evidence=Theme
2	not swear	gerund	a amazing claim not said here						vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

TV adverts are always checked to be true

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	TV	TV	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 adverts	compound
2	adverts	advert	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 checked	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 checked	aux:pass
4	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	5 checked	advmod
5	checked	check	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	8 true	mark
7	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	8 true	cop
8	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 checked	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	check	present · passive		TV adverts				always property	vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	is	to-infinitive						true property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/198-telling-when-someone-may-be-lying/t3/