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Exam question 2 · Promises

It is given that one is unable to keep a promise owing to illness. Determine the appropriate course of action.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: one, promise, you · What happens: give, be, keep, owe, determine · To what, where: It, promise, illness, appropriate course

This is exam question 2 of lesson 199 «Promises» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that one is unable to keep a promise owing to illness.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	5 one	det
5	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 unable	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 unable	cop
7	unable	unable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 given	advcl
8	to	to	PART	_	9 keep	mark
9	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 unable	xcomp
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 promise	det
11	promise	promise	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 keep	obj
12	owing	owe	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 promise	acl
13	to	to	ADP	_	14 illness	case
14	illness	illness	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 owing	obl
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	is	present	that one					unable property	tree rules
3	keep	to-infinitive	that one not said here	a promise					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent promise=Theme
4	owe	gerund	a promise not said here					to illness goal	vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to illness=Goal

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Determine the appropriate course of action.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Determine	determine	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 course	det
3	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 course	amod
4	course	course	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Determine	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 action	case
6	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 course	nmod
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Determine	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	determine	imperative	you not said here	the appropriate course of action					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent course=Topic

The options

Option 1

Say nothing and hope the person forgets about it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Say	say	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	1 Say	obj
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 hope	cc
4	hope	hope	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Say	conj
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 person	det
6	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 forgets	nsubj
7	forgets	forget	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 hope	ccomp
8	about	about	ADP	_	9 it	case
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 forgets	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	imperative	you not said here	nothing					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent nothing=Topic
2	hope	present	you not said here						vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
3	forget	present	the person					about it	tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Tell the person as early as possible and say sorry

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tell	tell	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 person	det
3	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Tell	obj
4	as	as	ADV	_	5 early	advmod
5	early	early	ADV	Degree=Pos	1 Tell	advmod
6	as	as	SCONJ	_	7 possible	mark
7	possible	possible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 early	advcl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 say	cc
9	say	say	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Tell	conj
10	sorry	sorry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 say	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	imperative	you not said here		the person			early property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent person=Recipient
2	say speech: apologize	infinitive	you not said here					sorry property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Make a new promise without mentioning the old one

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Make	make	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 promise	det
3	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 promise	amod
4	promise	promise	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Make	obj
5	without	without	SCONJ	_	6 mentioning	mark
6	mentioning	mention	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Make	advcl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 one	det
8	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 one	amod
9	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 mentioning	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	imperative	you not said here	a new promise					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset promise=Product
2	mention speech: other	gerund	you not said here	the old one					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent one=Topic

Option 4

Blame someone else for the promise not being kept

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Blame	blame	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	1 Blame	obj
3	else	else	ADV	_	2 someone	advmod
4	for	for	ADP	_	6 promise	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 promise	det
6	promise	promise	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Blame	obl
7	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 kept	advmod
8	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 kept	aux:pass
9	kept	keep	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 promise	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	blame	imperative	you not said here	someone				for the promise	vn judgment-33.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent someone=Theme for promise=Attribute
2	not keep	gerund · passive		the promise not said here					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/199-promises/e2/