Test 18 · ★ · Promises

my mate says Harry borrowed a game 3 months ago n "lost" it, he always does that, he's a thief

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: mate, Harry · What happens: say, borrow, n, lose, do, be · To what, where: game, mate, that, thief · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 18 · ★ of lesson 199 «Promises» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 mate	nmod:poss
2	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	Harry	Harry	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 borrowed	nsubj
5	borrowed	borrow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 game	det
7	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 borrowed	obj
8	3	3	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	9 months	nummod
9	months	month	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 borrowed	obl:unmarked
10	ago	ago	ADV	_	11 n	advmod
11	n	n	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 borrowed	advcl
12	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 lost	punct
13	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 it	advcl
14	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 lost	punct
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 n	obl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 does	punct
17	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 does	nsubj
18	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	19 does	advmod
19	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 says	conj
20	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	19 does	obj
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 thief	punct
22	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 thief	nsubj
23	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 thief	cop
24	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 thief	det
25	thief	thief	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 does	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	my mate				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	borrow	past	Harry	a game	month		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent game=Theme
3	n	present	Harry not said here	mate		ago property	tree rules
4	lose in a quote	participle	Harry not said here				vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	do	present	Harry	that		always property	vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality
6	is a	present	Harry	a thief			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Borrowed things never need returning

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Borrowed	borrow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 things	amod
2	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 need	nsubj
3	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	4 need	advmod
4	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	returning	return	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 need	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	roles by
1	borrow	participle		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	not need	present	Borrowed things	vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
3	return not said to happen	gerund	Borrowed things not said here	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

Yes, call him a thief at school

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	3 call	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	call	call	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 call	obj
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 thief	det
6	thief	thief	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 call	xcomp
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 school	case
8	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 call	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	call	imperative	you not said here	him = he				at school	vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme PP.recipient PP.stimulus»: agent=Agent he=Theme at school=Stimulus

Option 3

Steal something of his back

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Steal	steal	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	1 Steal	obj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 back	case
4	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 back	nmod:poss
5	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 something	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	steal	imperative	you not said here	something					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location something=Theme

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It's unkind to call him a thief; the lesson is to return borrowed things on time

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 unkind	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 unkind	cop
3	unkind	unkind	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 call	mark
5	call	call	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 unkind	advcl
6	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 call	obj
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 thief	det
8	thief	thief	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 call	xcomp
9	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 return	punct
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 lesson	det
11	lesson	lesson	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 return	nsubj
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 return	cop
13	to	to	PART	_	14 return	mark
14	return	return	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 unkind	parataxis
15	borrowed	borrow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	16 things	amod
16	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 return	obj
17	on	on	ADP	_	18 time	case
18	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 return	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	to whom	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It			unkind property	tree rules
2	call	to-infinitive		him = he			vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient
3	is	present	the lesson		time	return property	tree rules
4	borrow	participle					vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/199-promises/t18/