Exam question 2 · Balance and falling well

Identify the principal hazard associated with the extension of a single straight and rigid arm for the purpose of arresting a fall.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, purpose · What happens: identify, associate, arrest · To what, where: principal hazard, fall

This is exam question 2 of lesson 2 «Balance and falling well» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 hazard	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 hazard	amod
4	hazard	hazard	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	associated	associate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 hazard	acl
6	with	with	ADP	_	8 extension	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 extension	det
8	extension	extension	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 associated	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	15 arm	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 arm	det
11	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 arm	amod
12	straight	straight	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 arm	amod
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 rigid	cc
14	rigid	rigid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 straight	conj
15	arm	arm	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 extension	nmod
16	for	for	ADP	_	18 purpose	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 purpose	det
18	purpose	purpose	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 arm	nmod
19	of	of	SCONJ	_	20 arresting	mark
20	arresting	arrest	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	18 purpose	acl
21	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 fall	det
22	fall	fall	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 arresting	obj
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal hazard		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent hazard=Theme
2	associate	participle		the principal hazard not said here	with the extension of a single straight arm for the purpose	vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Patient with extension=Co-Patient
3	arrest	gerund	the purpose not said here	a fall		vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fall=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It invariably results in an injury to the ankle

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 results	nsubj
2	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	3 results	advmod
3	results	result	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 injury	case
5	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 injury	det
6	injury	injury	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 results	nmod
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 ankle	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 ankle	det
9	ankle	ankle	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 injury	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

It presents no hazard whatsoever to children

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 presents	nsubj
2	presents	present	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 hazard	det
4	hazard	hazard	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 presents	obj
5	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	_	2 presents	advmod
6	to	to	ADP	_	7 children	case
7	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 presents	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	present	present	It	no hazard	children			whatsoever property	vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent hazard=Theme to child=Recipient

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It frequently results in the fracture of the wrist

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 results	nsubj
2	frequently	frequently	ADV	_	3 results	advmod
3	results	result	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 fracture	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 fracture	det
6	fracture	fracture	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 results	nmod
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 wrist	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 wrist	det
9	wrist	wrist	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 fracture	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fracture			the wrist					nom fracture «state transitive»: of=patient

Option 4

It causes the person to fall with greater speed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 causes	nsubj
2	causes	cause	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 person	det
4	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 causes	obj
5	to	to	PART	_	6 fall	mark
6	fall	fall	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 causes	advcl
7	with	with	ADP	_	9 speed	case
8	greater	great	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	9 speed	amod
9	speed	speed	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 fall	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause	present	It	the person					vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition person=Patient
2	fall	to-infinitive						with greater speed	vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/2-balance-and-falling-well/e2/