Exam question 3 · Thinking about noticing

Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning the travel of sound and light.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, response, established facts, sound · What happens: select, be, establish, concern, travel · To what, where: response, travel

This is exam question 3 of lesson 20 «Thinking about noticing» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 consistent	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 consistent	cop
6	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	acl:relcl
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 facts	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 facts	det
9	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 facts	amod
10	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 consistent	obl
11	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 facts	acl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 travel	det
13	travel	travel	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 concerning	obj
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 sound	case
15	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 travel	nmod
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 light	cc
17	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 sound	conj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	is	present	the response		with the established facts; consistent property	tree rules
3	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
4	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the travel of sound and light		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus travel=Experiencer
5	travel		sound and light			nom travel «act intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Light bends about corners, whereas sound travels only in straight lines

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 bends	nsubj
2	bends	bend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	about	about	ADP	_	4 corners	case
4	corners	corner	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 bends	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 travels	punct
6	whereas	whereas	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 travels	obj
7	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 travels	nsubj
8	travels	travel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 corners	acl:relcl
9	only	only	ADV	_	12 lines	advmod
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 lines	case
11	straight	straight	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 lines	amod
12	lines	line	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 travels	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bend	present	Light					about corners	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent about corner=Location
2	travel	present	sound	whereas		straight lines			vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme whereas=Trajectory

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Sound bends about corners and is reflected by walls, whereas light travels in straight lines

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 bends	nsubj
2	bends	bend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	about	about	ADP	_	4 corners	case
4	corners	corner	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 bends	obl
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 reflected	cc
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 reflected	aux:pass
7	reflected	reflect	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 bends	conj
8	by	by	ADP	_	9 walls	case
9	walls	wall	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 reflected	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 travels	punct
11	whereas	whereas	SCONJ	_	13 travels	mark
12	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 travels	nsubj
13	travels	travel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 bends	conj
14	in	in	ADP	_	16 lines	case
15	straight	straight	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 lines	amod
16	lines	line	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 travels	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	bend	present	Sound		about corners	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent about corner=Location
2	reflect	present · passive	walls			vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	travel	present	light	straight lines		vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in line=Trajectory

Option 3

Sound and light travel at precisely the same speed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 travel	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 light	cc
3	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Sound	conj
4	travel	travel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	at	at	ADP	_	9 speed	case
6	precisely	precisely	ADV	_	9 speed	advmod
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 speed	det
8	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 speed	amod
9	speed	speed	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 travel	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	travel	present	Sound and light			the same speed			vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at speed=Trajectory

Option 4

Neither sound nor light can be reflected by walls

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Neither	neither	DET	PronType=Neg	2 sound	det
2	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 reflected	nsubj:pass
3	nor	nor	CCONJ	Polarity=Neg	4 light	cc
4	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sound	conj
5	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 reflected	aux
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 reflected	aux:pass
7	reflected	reflect	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
8	by	by	ADP	_	9 walls	case
9	walls	wall	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 reflected	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reflect	can · passive	walls	neither sound nor light					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/20-noticing-like-a-cat/e3/