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Test 5 · ★★★ · Thinking about noticing

In a long tunnel, a train sounds as if it is coming from both ends. Why?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: train · What happens: sound, come · To what, where: long tunnel, ends

This is test 5 · ★★★ of lesson 20 «Thinking about noticing» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a long tunnel, a train sounds as if it is coming from both ends.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	4 tunnel	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 tunnel	det
3	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 tunnel	amod
4	tunnel	tunnel	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 sounds	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 tunnel	punct
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 train	det
7	train	train	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 sounds	nsubj
8	sounds	sound	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	as	as	SCONJ	_	13 coming	mark
10	if	if	SCONJ	_	13 coming	mark
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 coming	nsubj
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 coming	aux
13	coming	come	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 sounds	advcl
14	from	from	ADP	_	16 ends	case
15	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	16 ends	det
16	ends	end	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 coming	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 sounds	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sound	present	a train			a long tunnel			vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in tunnel=Location
2	come	present · progressive	train				from both ends		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from end=Initial_Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	root	root
2	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 Why	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Sound cannot travel inside tunnels at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 travel	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 travel	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 travel	advmod
4	travel	travel	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	inside	inside	ADP	_	6 tunnels	case
6	tunnels	tunnel	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 travel	obl
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 all	case
8	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 travel	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not travel	can	Sound			tunnels		at all	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme inside tunnel=Trajectory

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Echoes carry the sound along the walls

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Echoes	echo	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 carry	nsubj
2	carry	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 sound	det
4	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 carry	obj
5	along	along	ADP	_	7 walls	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 walls	det
7	walls	wall	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 carry	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry	present	Echoes	the sound				along the walls	vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sound=Theme

Option 3

Tunnels make sound move backwards

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tunnels	tunnel	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 make	nsubj
2	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 make	obj
4	move	move	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 make	xcomp
5	backwards	backwards	ADV	_	4 move	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	Tunnels	sound					tree rules
2	move	infinitive	sound not said here					backwards property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

There are always two trains at once

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 are	expl
2	are	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	4 two	advmod
4	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 trains	nummod
5	trains	train	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 are	nsubj
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 once	case
7	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	2 are	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	does	present	two trains			there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at once=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/20-noticing-like-a-cat/t5/