Test 20 · ★ · Rumours and gossip

"Jack fancies Emily, everyone knows, let's sing it at break" — what does fancies mean and should you join in?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Jack, everyone, 's, fancies, you · What happens: fancy, know, let, sing, mean, join in · To what, where: Emily, 's, it, break · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 20 · ★ of lesson 202 «Rumours and gossip» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 fancies	punct
2	Jack	Jack	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 fancies	nsubj
3	fancies	fancy	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	Emily	Emily	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 fancies	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 knows	punct
6	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	7 knows	nsubj
7	knows	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fancies	conj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 let	punct
9	let	let	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 knows	ccomp
10	's	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	9 let	obj
11	sing	sing	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 let	xcomp
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 sing	obj
13	at	at	ADP	_	14 break	case
14	break	break	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 sing	obl
15	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 let	punct
16	—	-	PUNCT	_	20 mean	punct
17	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	20 mean	obj
18	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 mean	aux
19	fancies	fancy	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 mean	nsubj
20	mean	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 fancies	parataxis
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 join	cc
22	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	24 join	aux
23	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	24 join	nsubj
24	join	join	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	20 mean	conj
25	in	in	ADP	_	24 join	compound:prt
26	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 fancies	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	fancy in a quote	present	Jack	Emily		tree rules
2	know in a quote	present	everyone			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
3	let in a quote	infinitive		's		tree rules
4	sing speech: express in a quote	infinitive	's not said here	it	break	vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location it=Theme
5	mean	present · do-support	fancies			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic
6	join in	should	you			vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Jack likes Emily in a romantic way; no, teasing about it hurts both of them

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Jack	Jack	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 likes	nsubj
2	likes	like	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Emily	Emily	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 likes	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 way	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 way	det
6	romantic	romantic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 way	amod
7	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 likes	obl
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 hurts	punct
9	no	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	14 hurts	discourse
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 teasing	punct
11	teasing	tease	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	14 hurts	csubj
12	about	about	ADP	_	13 it	case
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 teasing	obl
14	hurts	hurt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 likes	conj
15	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	14 hurts	obj
16	of	of	ADP	_	17 them	case
17	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 both	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	like	present	Jack	Emily	a romantic way		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot emily=Theme
2	tease	gerund				about way	vn ferret-35.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	hurt	present	teasing	both			vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer both=Patient

Option 2

Jack wants to be Emily's maths partner; yes, it's harmless

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Jack	Jack	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 wants	nsubj
2	wants	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	8 partner	mark
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	8 partner	cop
5	Emily	Emily	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 maths	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 Emily	case
7	maths	math	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 partner	compound
8	partner	partner	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 wants	ccomp
9	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 harmless	punct
10	yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	14 harmless	discourse
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 yes	punct
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 harmless	nsubj
13	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 harmless	cop
14	harmless	harmless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 wants	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	want	present	Jack			vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot
2	is a not said to happen	to-infinitive	Jack not said here	maths partner		tree rules
3	is	present	partner		harmless property	tree rules

Option 3

Jack is jealous of Emily's clothes; yes, songs are fun

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Jack	Jack	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 jealous	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 jealous	cop
3	jealous	jealous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	7 clothes	case
5	Emily	Emily	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 clothes	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 Emily	case
7	clothes	clothes	NOUN	Number=Ptan	3 jealous	obl
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	13 fun	punct
9	yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	13 fun	discourse
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 yes	punct
11	songs	song	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 fun	nsubj
12	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 fun	cop
13	fun	fun	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 jealous	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Jack					of Emily's clothes; jealous property	tree rules
2	is	present	songs					fun property	tree rules

Option 4

Jack thinks Emily is a fan of his; yes, everyone's doing it

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Jack	Jack	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 thinks	nsubj
2	thinks	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Emily	Emily	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 fan	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 fan	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 fan	det
6	fan	fan	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 thinks	ccomp
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 his	case
8	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 fan	nmod:poss
9	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 doing	punct
10	yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	14 doing	discourse
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 yes	punct
12	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	14 doing	nsubj
13	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 doing	aux
14	doing	do	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 thinks	advcl
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 doing	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	think speech: other	present	Jack		vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present	Emily	Emily's fan	tree rules
3	do	present · progressive	everyone	fan	vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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