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Test 5 · ★ · Rumours and gossip

Ella told three friends a rumour about Sam, then learned it was false. What should she do?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: Ella, rumour · What happens: tell, learn, be, do · To what, where: rumour, three friends · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 202 «Rumours and gossip» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Ella told three friends a rumour about Sam, then learned it was false.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ella	Ella	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 told	nsubj
2	told	tell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 friends	nummod
4	friends	friend	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 told	iobj
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 rumour	det
6	rumour	rumour	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 told	obj
7	about	about	ADP	_	8 Sam	case
8	Sam	Sam	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 rumour	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 learned	punct
10	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	11 learned	advmod
11	learned	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 told	conj
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 false	nsubj
13	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 false	cop
14	false	false	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 learned	ccomp
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 told	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	past	Ella	a rumour	three friends			about Sam	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent friend=Recipient rumour=Topic
2	learn	past	Ella not said here				then		vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	is	past	rumour					false property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What should she do?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 do	obj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 do	aux
3	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 do	nsubj
4	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 do	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	should	Ella						vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality

The options

Option 1

Tell nobody, since it is now in the past

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tell	tell	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	1 Tell	obj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 past	punct
4	since	since	SCONJ	_	10 past	mark
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 past	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 past	cop
7	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	10 past	advmod
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 past	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 past	det
10	past	past	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Tell	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	imperative	you not said here		nobody				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent nobody=Recipient
2	is	present	it			the past	now		tree rules

Option 2

Tell nobody, since it is now in the past and everyone will forget it

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tell	tell	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	1 Tell	obj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 past	punct
4	since	since	SCONJ	_	10 past	mark
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 past	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 past	cop
7	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	10 past	advmod
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 past	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 past	det
10	past	past	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Tell	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 forget	cc
12	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	14 forget	nsubj
13	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 forget	aux
14	forget	forget	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Tell	conj
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 forget	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	imperative	you not said here		nobody				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent nobody=Recipient
2	is	present	it			the past	now		tree rules
3	forget	future	everyone	past					tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Tell the three friends it was false and apologise to Sam

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tell	tell	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 friends	det
3	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 friends	nummod
4	friends	friend	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Tell	obj
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 false	nsubj
6	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 false	cop
7	false	false	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 friends	acl:relcl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 apologise	cc
9	apologise	apologise	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Tell	conj
10	to	to	ADP	_	11 Sam	case
11	Sam	Sam	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 apologise	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	imperative	you not said here		the three friends				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent friend=Recipient
2	is	past	it	the three friends not said here				false property	tree rules
3	apologise speech: apologize	infinitive	you not said here		Sam				tree rules

Option 4

Start a different rumour about someone else

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Start	start	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 rumour	det
3	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 rumour	amod
4	rumour	rumour	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Start	obj
5	about	about	ADP	_	6 someone	case
6	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	4 rumour	nmod
7	else	else	ADV	_	6 someone	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	start	imperative	you not said here	a different rumour				about someone	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rumour=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/202-rumours-and-gossip/t5/