Test 8 · ★ · Rumours and gossip

A friend forwards you a private message another girl sent to her. What is the problem with passing it on?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: friend, girl, problem · What happens: forward, send, be, pass on · To what, where: private message, you, friend, problem

This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 202 «Rumours and gossip» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A friend forwards you a private message another girl sent to her.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 friend	det
2	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 forwards	nsubj
3	forwards	forward	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	3 forwards	obj
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 message	det
6	private	private	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 message	amod
7	message	message	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 forwards	obj
8	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	9 girl	det
9	girl	girl	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 sent	nsubj
10	sent	send	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 message	acl:relcl
11	to	to	ADP	_	12 her	case
12	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 sent	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 forwards	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	forward	present	a friend	a private message	you				vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent you=Destination message=Theme
2	send	past	another girl	a private message not said here	friend				vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent message=Theme to she=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is the problem with passing it on?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 problem	det
4	problem	problem	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
5	with	with	SCONJ	_	6 passing	mark
6	passing	pass	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 problem	acl
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 passing	obj
8	on	on	ADP	_	6 passing	compound:prt
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the problem						tree rules
2	pass on	gerund	the problem not said here	problem					vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

The options

Option 1

It is only a problem if the message is rude

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 problem	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 problem	cop
3	only	only	ADV	_	5 problem	advmod
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 problem	det
5	problem	problem	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	if	if	SCONJ	_	10 rude	mark
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 message	det
8	message	message	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 rude	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 rude	cop
10	rude	rude	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 problem	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a problem					tree rules
2	is a condition, not said to happen	present	the message					rude property	tree rules

Option 2

There is no problem if it is only a screenshot and not the real message

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 is	expl
2	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 problem	det
4	problem	problem	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 is	nsubj
5	if	if	SCONJ	_	10 screenshot	mark
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 screenshot	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 screenshot	cop
8	only	only	ADV	_	10 screenshot	advmod
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 screenshot	det
10	screenshot	screenshot	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 is	nsubj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 message	cc
12	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	15 message	advmod
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 message	det
14	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 message	amod
15	message	message	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 screenshot	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	present	no problem			there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is a a condition, not said to happen	present	problem	a screenshot and the real message					tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It was meant for one person, so spreading it betrays trust

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 meant	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 meant	aux:pass
3	meant	mean	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	6 person	case
5	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 person	nummod
6	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 meant	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 betrays	punct
8	so	so	ADV	_	11 betrays	advmod
9	spreading	spread	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 betrays	csubj
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 spreading	obj
11	betrays	betray	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 meant	conj
12	trust	trust	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 betrays	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	mean	past · passive		It	for one person	vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Theme for person=Attribute
2	spread	gerund		person		vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location it=Theme
3	betray	present	spreading	trust		tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

Private messages are too long to read

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Private	private	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 messages	amod
2	messages	message	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 long	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 long	cop
4	too	too	ADV	_	5 long	advmod
5	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 read	mark
7	read	read	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 long	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Private messages					long property	tree rules
2	read	to-infinitive	Private messages not said here						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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