Test 19 · Reading a dog's body language

they're saying the new kid's dog is vicious and he trains it to attack, pass it round

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: they, dog, kid · What happens: say, be, train, attack, pass · To what, where: kid · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 19 of lesson 21 «Reading a dog's body language» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 saying	nsubj
2	're	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 saying	aux
3	saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 kid	det
5	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 kid	amod
6	kid	kid	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 dog	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 kid	case
8	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 vicious	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 vicious	cop
10	vicious	vicious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 saying	ccomp
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 trains	cc
12	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 trains	nsubj
13	trains	train	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 saying	conj
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 trains	obj
15	to	to	PART	_	16 attack	mark
16	attack	attack	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 trains	xcomp
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 pass	punct
18	pass	pass	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	16 attack	conj
19	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 pass	obj
20	round	round	ADV	_	18 pass	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present · progressive	they			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is	present	the new kid's dog		vicious property	tree rules
3	train	present	dog	kid		vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme clause=Attribute
4	attack	to-infinitive	kid not said here			vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	pass	infinitive	kid not said here	kid	round property	vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Do not pass it round; it is likely a rumour and could hurt him and his family

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Do	do	AUX	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	3 pass	aux
2	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	3 pass	advmod
3	pass	pass	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 pass	obj
5	round	round	ADV	_	3 pass	advmod
6	;	;	PUNCT	_	9 likely	punct
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 likely	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 likely	cop
9	likely	likely	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 pass	conj
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 rumour	det
11	rumour	rumour	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 likely	nsubj
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 hurt	cc
13	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 hurt	aux
14	hurt	hurt	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 likely	conj
15	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 hurt	obj
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 family	cc
17	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	18 family	nmod:poss
18	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 him	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	not pass	imperative · do-support	you not said here	it	round property	vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Trajectory
2	is	present	it		likely property	tree rules
3	hurt	could		him = he		vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Patient

Option 2

Pass it round, and say the dog has bitten before

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pass	pass	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Pass	obj
3	round	round	ADV	_	1 Pass	advmod
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 say	punct
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 say	cc
6	say	say	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Pass	conj
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 dog	det
8	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 bitten	nsubj:pass
9	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 bitten	aux
10	bitten	bite	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 say	ccomp
11	before	before	SCONJ	_	10 bitten	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	pass	imperative	you not said here	it	round property	vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Trajectory
2	say speech: assert	infinitive	you not said here			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	bite	present · perfect · passive		the dog		vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Option 3

Pass it round, so nobody goes near his house

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pass	pass	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Pass	obj
3	round	round	ADV	_	1 Pass	advmod
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 goes	punct
5	so	so	ADV	_	7 goes	advmod
6	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	7 goes	nsubj
7	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Pass	conj
8	near	near	ADP	_	10 house	case
9	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 house	nmod:poss
10	house	house	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 goes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pass	imperative	you not said here	it				round property	vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Trajectory
2	go	present	nobody			his house			vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme near house=Location

Option 4

Pass it round, because dogs are always dangerous

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pass	pass	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Pass	obj
3	round	round	ADV	_	1 Pass	advmod
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 dangerous	punct
5	because	because	SCONJ	_	9 dangerous	mark
6	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 dangerous	nsubj
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 dangerous	cop
8	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	9 dangerous	advmod
9	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Pass	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pass	imperative	you not said here	it				round property	vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Trajectory
2	is	present	dogs					always, dangerous property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/21-reading-a-dog/t19/