Exam question 4 · Wind, fog, wildfire, tsunami and the seasons

Ascertain the reason for which a cyclist dismounts in strong side winds near traffic.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, cyclist · What happens: ascertain, dismount · To what, where: reason, strong side winds

This is exam question 4 of lesson 236 «Wind, fog, wildfire, tsunami and the seasons» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 reason	det
3	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 which	case
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 dismounts	obl
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 cyclist	det
7	cyclist	cyclist	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 dismounts	nsubj
8	dismounts	dismount	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 reason	acl
9	in	in	ADP	_	12 winds	case
10	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 winds	amod
11	side	side	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 winds	compound
12	winds	wind	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 dismounts	obl
13	near	near	ADP	_	14 traffic	case
14	traffic	traffic	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 winds	nmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the reason					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic
2	dismount	present	a cyclist			strong side winds near traffic		for the reason	vn disassemble-23.3 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The tyres gradually lose air when the wind blows hard

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 tyres	det
2	tyres	tyre	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 lose	nsubj
3	gradually	gradually	ADV	_	4 lose	advmod
4	lose	lose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lose	obj
6	when	when	SCONJ	_	9 blows	mark
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 wind	det
8	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 blows	nsubj
9	blows	blow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 lose	advcl
10	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 blows	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose	present	the tyres	air				gradually property	vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Eventuality
2	blow	present	the wind					hard property	vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A gust may push the cyclist into the road

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 gust	det
2	gust	gust	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 push	nsubj
3	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 push	aux
4	push	push	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 cyclist	det
6	cyclist	cyclist	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 push	obj
7	into	into	ADP	_	9 road	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 road	det
9	road	road	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 push	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	push	may	a gust	the cyclist		the road			vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent cyclist=Theme into road=Destination

Option 3

The wind makes the bicycle heavier

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 wind	det
2	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 makes	nsubj
3	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 bicycle	det
5	bicycle	bicycle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 makes	obj
6	heavier	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 makes	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	the wind	the bicycle				heavy property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bicycle=Product

Option 4

Cycling in strong wind is forbidden by law

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cycling	cycle	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 forbidden	csubj:pass
2	in	in	ADP	_	4 wind	case
3	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 wind	amod
4	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Cycling	obl
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 forbidden	aux:pass
6	forbidden	forbid	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	by	by	ADP	_	8 law	case
8	law	law	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 forbidden	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cycle	gerund				strong wind			vn vehicle-51.4.1-1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
2	forbid	present · passive	Cycling					by law	vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V S_ING»

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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