Exam question 2 · The night sky and outdoor myths

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the honeybee upon stinging a person?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, sting · To what, where: honeybee, person

This is exam question 2 of lesson 240 «The night sky and outdoor myths» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 honeybee	det
10	honeybee	honeybee	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	upon	upon	SCONJ	_	12 stinging	mark
12	stinging	sting	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 characterises	advcl
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 person	det
14	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 stinging	obj
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the honeybee	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	sting	gerund	a person		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus person=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It loses no part of itself

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 loses	nsubj
2	loses	lose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 part	det
4	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 loses	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 itself	case
6	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes	4 part	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose	present	It	no part of part					vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Eventuality

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

It may sting repeatedly without any harm to itself

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 sting	nsubj
2	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 sting	aux
3	sting	sting	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	repeatedly	repeatedly	ADV	_	3 sting	advmod
5	without	without	ADP	_	7 harm	case
6	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	7 harm	det
7	harm	harm	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sting	obl
8	to	to	ADP	_	9 itself	case
9	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	3 sting	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sting	may	It		harm			without any harm; repeatedly property	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP-PRO-ARB»: agent=Stimulus

Option 3

It becomes more aggressive and proceeds to sting again

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 becomes	nsubj
2	becomes	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 aggressive	advmod
4	aggressive	aggressive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 becomes	xcomp
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 proceeds	cc
6	proceeds	proceed	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 becomes	conj
7	to	to	PART	_	8 sting	mark
8	sting	sting	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 proceeds	xcomp
9	again	again	ADV	_	8 sting	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	other	roles by
1	become	present	It		aggressive property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
2	proceed	present				vn begin-55.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
3	sting	to-infinitive		again		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Its barbed sting lodges in the skin and it usually dies

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 lodges	nmod:poss
2	barbed	barbed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 lodges	amod
3	sting	sting	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lodges	compound
4	lodges	lodge	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 skin	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 skin	det
7	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lodges	nmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 dies	cc
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 dies	nsubj
10	usually	usually	ADV	_	11 dies	advmod
11	dies	die	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 lodges	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	die	present	skin					usually property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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