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Test 2 · ★★ · The night sky and outdoor myths

Your little brother makes a wish on a shooting star and says it is a star falling. What can you tell him?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: little brother, wish, star, you · What happens: make, say, be, fall, tell · To what, where: wish, shooting star, star, brother · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 2 · ★★ of lesson 240 «The night sky and outdoor myths» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Your little brother makes a wish on a shooting star and says it is a star falling.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 brother	nmod:poss
2	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 brother	amod
3	brother	brother	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 makes	nsubj
4	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 wish	det
6	wish	wish	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 makes	obj
7	on	on	ADP	_	10 star	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 star	det
9	shooting	shooting	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 star	compound
10	star	star	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 makes	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 says	cc
12	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 makes	conj
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 star	nsubj
14	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 star	cop
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 star	det
16	star	star	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 says	ccomp
17	falling	fall	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	16 star	acl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 makes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	Your little brother	a wish		a shooting star			vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wish=Product
2	say speech: assert	present	Your little brother not said here						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	is a	present	wish	a star					tree rules
4	fall	gerund	a star not said here						vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What can you tell him?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 tell	obj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 tell	aux
3	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 tell	nsubj
4	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 tell	iobj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 tell	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	can	you		brother				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient what=Topic

The options

Option 1

It is the Moon throwing out sparks as it turns round

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 throwing	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 throwing	aux
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 Moon	det
4	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 throwing	nsubj
5	throwing	throw	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	out	out	ADP	_	5 throwing	compound:prt
7	sparks	spark	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 throwing	obj
8	as	as	SCONJ	_	10 turns	mark
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 turns	nsubj
10	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 throwing	advcl
11	round	round	ADV	_	10 turns	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	throw out	present · progressive	It	sparks					vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spark=Theme
2	turn round	present	Moon					round property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

It is a plane flying very fast and very high up

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 plane	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 plane	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 plane	det
4	plane	plane	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	flying	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 plane	acl
6	very	very	ADV	_	7 fast	advmod
7	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	5 flying	advmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 high	cc
9	very	very	ADV	_	10 high	advmod
10	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 plane	conj
11	up	up	ADV	_	10 high	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a plane					tree rules
2	fly	gerund	a plane not said here					fast property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	be up								tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

It is a real star that has fallen all the way down to Earth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 star	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 star	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 star	det
4	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 star	amod
5	star	star	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 fallen	nsubj
7	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 fallen	aux
8	fallen	fall	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 star	acl:relcl
9	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	11 way	det:predet
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 way	det
11	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 fallen	obl:unmarked
12	down	down	ADV	_	8 fallen	advmod
13	to	to	ADP	_	14 Earth	case
14	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 fallen	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a real star					tree rules
2	fall	present · perfect	a real star	all way	Earth			down property	vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.pivot»: agent=Agent to earth=Pivot

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It is a tiny space rock burning up in the air

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 rock	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 rock	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 rock	det
4	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 rock	amod
5	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 rock	compound
6	rock	rock	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	burning	burn	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 rock	acl
8	up	up	ADP	_	7 burning	compound:prt
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 air	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 air	det
11	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 burning	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a tiny space rock					tree rules
2	burn up	gerund	a tiny space rock not said here			the air			vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in air=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/240-night-sky-and-outdoor-myths/t2/