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Test 7 · ★★ · Prices, change, borrowing and lending

An older boy in Melbourne threatens a younger boy and takes his lunch money. Why must the younger boy tell an adult?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: older boy, younger boy · What happens: threaten, take, tell · To what, where: younger boy, lunch money, adult · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 7 · ★★ of lesson 262 «Prices, change, borrowing and lending» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: An older boy in Melbourne threatens a younger boy and takes his lunch money.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 boy	det
2	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 boy	amod
3	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 threatens	nsubj
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 Melbourne	case
5	Melbourne	Melbourne	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 boy	nmod
6	threatens	threaten	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 boy	det
8	younger	young	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	9 boy	amod
9	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 threatens	obj
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 takes	cc
11	takes	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 threatens	conj
12	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 money	nmod:poss
13	lunch	lunch	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 money	compound
14	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 takes	obj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 threatens	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	threaten	present	a older boy in Melbourne	a younger boy					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus boy=Experiencer
2	take	present	a older boy in Melbourne not said here	boy's lunch money					vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why must the younger boy tell an adult?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	6 tell	advmod
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 tell	aux
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 boy	det
4	younger	young	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 boy	amod
5	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 tell	nsubj
6	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 adult	det
8	adult	adult	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 tell	obj
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 tell	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	must	the younger boy		a adult				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent adult=Recipient

The options

Option 1

It is his own fault for having money with him at school

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 fault	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 fault	cop
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 fault	nmod:poss
4	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 fault	amod
5	fault	fault	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	for	for	SCONJ	_	7 having	mark
7	having	have	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 fault	acl
8	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 having	obj
9	with	with	ADP	_	10 him	case
10	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 having	obl
11	at	at	ADP	_	12 school	case
12	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 having	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	his own fault					tree rules
2	have	gerund	his own fault not said here	money		school		with him = he	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It is bullying or theft, and adults must stop it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 bullying	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 bullying	aux
3	bullying	bully	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 theft	cc
5	theft	theft	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 bullying	conj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 stop	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 stop	cc
8	adults	adult	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 stop	nsubj
9	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 stop	aux
10	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 bullying	parataxis
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 stop	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bully	present · progressive	It						vn captain-29.8-1 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent
2	stop	must	adults	theft					vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector it=Eventuality

Option 3

He will get double his money back

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 get	nsubj
2	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 get	aux
3	get	get	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	double	double	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 get	obj
5	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 money	nmod:poss
6	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 get	obj
7	back	back	ADV	_	3 get	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	get	future	He	double					vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent double=Beneficiary money=Theme

Option 4

The older boy will apologise at once

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 boy	det
2	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 boy	amod
3	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 apologise	nsubj
4	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 apologise	aux
5	apologise	apologise	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 once	case
7	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	5 apologise	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	apologise speech: apologize	future	the older boy						tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/262-prices-change-and-borrowing/t7/