Test 8 · ★★ · In the car: seat belts, car seats and good passengers
An uncle says he will hold the baby on his lap on a short drive. Which is true?
Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: uncle · What happens: say, hold, be · To what, where: baby, lap · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 8 · ★★ of lesson 268 «In the car: seat belts, car seats and good passengers» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: An uncle says he will hold the baby on his lap on a short drive.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | An | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 uncle | det |
| 2 | uncle | uncle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 says | nsubj |
| 3 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 hold | nsubj |
| 5 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 hold | aux |
| 6 | hold | hold | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 says | ccomp |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 baby | det |
| 8 | baby | baby | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 hold | obj |
| 9 | on | on | ADP | _ | 11 lap | case |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 lap | nmod:poss |
| 11 | lap | lap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 hold | obl |
| 12 | on | on | ADP | _ | 15 drive | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 drive | det |
| 14 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 drive | amod |
| 15 | drive | drive | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 hold | obl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 says | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | a uncle | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | hold | future | uncle | the baby | uncle's lap | on a short drive | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent baby=Theme on lap=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Which is true?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 3 true | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 true | cop |
| 3 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 true | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | true property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1
A short drive is safe without a car seat
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 drive | det |
| 2 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 drive | amod |
| 3 | drive | drive | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 safe | nsubj |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 safe | cop |
| 5 | safe | safe | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | without | without | ADP | _ | 9 seat | case |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 seat | det |
| 8 | car | car | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 seat | compound |
| 9 | seat | seat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 safe | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | a short drive | without a car seat; safe property | tree rules |
Option 2
The baby is safe if the uncle wears his own belt tightly around them both
The tree, 15 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 baby | det |
| 2 | baby | baby | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 safe | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 safe | cop |
| 4 | safe | safe | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 8 wears | mark |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 uncle | det |
| 7 | uncle | uncle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 wears | nsubj |
| 8 | wears | wear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 safe | advcl |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 belt | nmod:poss |
| 10 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 belt | amod |
| 11 | belt | belt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 wears | obj |
| 12 | tightly | tightly | ADV | _ | 14 them | advmod |
| 13 | around | around | ADP | _ | 14 them | case |
| 14 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 wears | conj |
| 15 | both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 14 them | appos |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the baby | safe property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | wear a condition, not said to happen | present | the uncle | uncle's own belt | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent belt=Theme |
Option 3
Holding the baby is safer than a car seat
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Holding | hold | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 safer | csubj |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 baby | det |
| 3 | baby | baby | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Holding | obj |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 safer | cop |
| 5 | safer | safe | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | root | root |
| 6 | than | than | ADP | _ | 9 seat | case |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 seat | det |
| 8 | car | car | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 seat | compound |
| 9 | seat | seat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 safer | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hold | gerund | the baby | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baby=Theme | |||||
| 2 | is | present | Holding | than a car seat; safe property | tree rules |
Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
No arms can hold a baby in a crash; it needs a car seat
The tree, 14 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 2 arms | det |
| 2 | arms | arm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 hold | nsubj |
| 3 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 hold | aux |
| 4 | hold | hold | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 baby | det |
| 6 | baby | baby | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 hold | obj |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 crash | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 crash | det |
| 9 | crash | crash | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 hold | obl |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 needs | punct |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 needs | nsubj |
| 12 | needs | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 hold | parataxis |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 seat | det |
| 14 | car | car | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 seat | compound |
| 15 | seat | seat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 needs | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hold | can | no arms | a baby | a crash | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent baby=Theme in crash=Location | |||
| 2 | need | present | baby | a car seat | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot seat=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/268-in-the-car-and-seat-belts/t8/