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Test 4 · ★ · Crash forces, school buses and public buses

A boy steps off the bus, and his long scarf is still caught in the closing door. What should he have done?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: boy · What happens: step off, catch, do · To what, where: bus, long scarf, closing door

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 269 «Crash forces, school buses and public buses» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A boy steps off the bus, and his long scarf is still caught in the closing door.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 boy	det
2	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 steps	nsubj
3	steps	step	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	off	off	ADP	_	6 bus	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 bus	det
6	bus	bus	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 steps	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 caught	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 caught	cc
9	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 scarf	nmod:poss
10	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 scarf	amod
11	scarf	scarf	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 caught	nsubj:pass
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 caught	aux:pass
13	still	still	ADV	_	14 caught	advmod
14	caught	catch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 steps	conj
15	in	in	ADP	_	18 door	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 door	det
17	closing	closing	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 door	compound
18	door	door	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 caught	obl
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 steps	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	step off	present	a boy	the bus					vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location bus=Theme
2	catch	present · passive		boy's long scarf		the closing door	still		vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What should he have done?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	5 done	obj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 done	aux
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 done	nsubj
4	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 done	aux
5	done	do	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 done	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	should · perfect	boy						vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Jumped off faster

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Jumped	jump	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
2	off	off	ADP	_	1 Jumped	compound:prt
3	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	1 Jumped	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	jump off	participle						fast property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Kept his scarf tucked in so it could not catch

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kept	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 scarf	nmod:poss
3	scarf	scarf	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Kept	obj
4	tucked	tuck	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Kept	xcomp
5	in	in	ADP	_	4 tucked	compound:prt
6	so	so	SCONJ	_	10 catch	mark
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 catch	nsubj
8	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 catch	aux
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	10 catch	advmod
10	catch	catch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Kept	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	past		his scarf					tree rules
2	tuck in	participle	his scarf not said here						vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent
3	not catch	could	scarf						vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Pulled the scarf after the bus moved

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pulled	pull	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 scarf	det
3	scarf	scarf	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Pulled	obj
4	after	after	SCONJ	_	7 moved	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 bus	det
6	bus	bus	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 moved	nsubj
7	moved	move	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	1 Pulled	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pull	past		the scarf					vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scarf=Theme
2	move	past	the bus						vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

Held on to the door with both hands so it could not close on him

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Held	hold	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
2	on	on	ADP	_	1 Held	compound:prt
3	to	to	ADP	_	5 door	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 door	det
5	door	door	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Held	obl
6	with	with	ADP	_	8 hands	case
7	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	8 hands	det
8	hands	hand	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 door	nmod
9	so	so	SCONJ	_	13 close	mark
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 close	nsubj
11	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 close	aux
12	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	13 close	advmod
13	close	close	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Held	advcl
14	on	on	ADP	_	15 him	case
15	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 close	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold on	participle						to the door with both hands	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	not close	could	door					on him = he	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/269-school-buses-and-public-buses/t4/