Exam question 4 · Covering up, false alarms and playing fair

State which of the following describes the act known in football as diving.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: State · What happens: follow, describe, know · To what, where: act, football

This is exam question 4 of lesson 277 «Covering up, false alarms and playing fair» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	State	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 describes	nsubj
2	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 following	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 following	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 following	det
5	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 State	acl
6	describes	describe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 act	det
8	act	act	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 describes	obj
9	known	know	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 act	acl
10	in	in	ADP	_	11 football	case
11	football	football	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 known	obl
12	as	as	ADP	_	13 diving	case
13	diving	diving	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 known	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 describes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund	State				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	describe	present	State	the act			vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent act=Theme
3	know	participle		the act not said here	football	as diving	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer as diving=Attribute

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

A permitted technique for shielding the ball

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 technique	det
2	permitted	permit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 technique	amod
3	technique	technique	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	for	for	SCONJ	_	5 shielding	mark
5	shielding	shield	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 technique	acl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 ball	det
7	ball	ball	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 shielding	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	permit	participle							vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Causer
2	shield	gerund	a permitted technique not said here	the ball					tree rules

Option 2

A tackle made from behind an opponent

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 tackle	det
2	tackle	tackle	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 tackle	acl
4	from	from	ADP	_	7 opponent	case
5	behind	behind	ADP	_	7 opponent	case
6	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 opponent	det
7	opponent	opponent	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 made	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	participle		a tackle not said here		a opponent			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from opponent=Material

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Feigning a fall to deceive the referee, which is cheating

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Feigning	feign	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 fall	det
3	fall	fall	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Feigning	obj
4	to	to	PART	_	5 deceive	mark
5	deceive	deceive	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Feigning	advcl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 referee	det
7	referee	referee	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 deceive	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 cheating	punct
9	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 cheating	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 cheating	aux
11	cheating	cheat	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 referee	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	feign	gerund		a fall	vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fall=Patient
2	deceive	to-infinitive		the referee	vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent referee=Patient
3	cheat	present · progressive	the referee		vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4

A legitimate method of winning possession

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 method	det
2	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 method	amod
3	method	method	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	SCONJ	_	5 winning	mark
5	winning	win	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 method	acl
6	possession	possession	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 winning	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	win	gerund	a legitimate method not said here	possession					vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent possession=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/277-covering-up-false-alarms-and-fair-play/e4/