Test 4 · ★ · Illusions that fool the eye and adverts that fool the wallet

Why does the moon look bigger near the horizon than high in the sky?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: moon · What happens: look

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 280 «Illusions that fool the eye and adverts that fool the wallet» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 look	advmod
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 look	aux
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 moon	det
4	moon	moon	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 look	nsubj
5	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	bigger	big	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 look	xcomp
7	near	near	ADP	_	9 horizon	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 horizon	det
9	horizon	horizon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 bigger	obl
10	than	than	ADP	_	11 high	case
11	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 bigger	obl
12	in	in	ADP	_	14 sky	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 sky	det
14	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 look	obl
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 look	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	look	present · do-support	the moon					in the sky; big property	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in sky=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The brain compares it with trees and buildings nearby

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 brain	det
2	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 compares	nsubj
3	compares	compare	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 compares	obj
5	with	with	ADP	_	6 trees	case
6	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 compares	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 buildings	cc
8	buildings	building	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 trees	conj
9	nearby	nearby	ADV	_	3 compares	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	compare	present	the brain	it				with trees and buildings; nearby property	vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient with tree=Co-Patient

Option 2

The moon grows bigger at night

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 moon	det
2	moon	moon	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grows	nsubj
3	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	bigger	big	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 grows	xcomp
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 night	case
6	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grows	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	the moon				night	big property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Clouds act like a magnifying glass

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Clouds	cloud	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 act	nsubj
2	act	act	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	like	like	ADP	_	6 glass	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 glass	det
5	magnifying	magnify	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 glass	amod
6	glass	glass	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 act	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	act	present	Clouds					like a magnifying glass	vn masquerade-29.6-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent like glass=Attribute
2	magnify	gerund							vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient

Option 4

It really comes much closer to the Earth every evening

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 comes	nsubj
2	really	really	ADV	_	3 comes	advmod
3	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	much	much	ADV	_	5 closer	advmod
5	closer	close	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 comes	xcomp
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 Earth	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Earth	det
8	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 closer	obl
9	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	10 evening	det
10	evening	evening	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 comes	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	present	It				evening	close property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/280-illusions-and-adverts/t4/