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Test 2 · Lifting and carrying heavy things

Two children carry the same heavy bag. One holds it against his chest, the other with straight arms in front. Who is safer?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Two children, One · What happens: carry, hold, be · To what, where: same heavy bag, bag, chest

This is test 2 of lesson 3 «Lifting and carrying heavy things» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Two children carry the same heavy bag.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 children	nummod
2	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 carry	nsubj
3	carry	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 bag	det
5	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 bag	amod
6	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 bag	amod
7	bag	bag	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 carry	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 carry	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry	present	Two children	the same heavy bag					vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bag=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: One holds it against his chest, the other with straight arms in front.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	One	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 holds	nsubj
2	holds	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 holds	obj
4	against	against	ADP	_	6 chest	case
5	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 chest	nmod:poss
6	chest	chest	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 holds	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 other	punct
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 other	det
9	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 holds	conj
10	with	with	ADP	_	12 arms	case
11	straight	straight	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 arms	amod
12	arms	arm	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 other	obl
13	in	in	ADP	_	14 front	case
14	front	front	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 arms	nmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 holds	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	present	One	bag		his chest			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent it=Theme against chest=Location

Sentence 3: Who is safer?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 safer	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 safer	cop
3	safer	safe	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 safer	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						safe property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

They are exactly the same

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 same	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 same	cop
3	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	5 same	advmod
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 same	det
5	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	They					exactly, same property	tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The one holding it against his chest

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 one	det
2	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	holding	hold	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 one	acl
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 holding	obj
5	against	against	ADP	_	7 chest	case
6	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 chest	nmod:poss
7	chest	chest	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 holding	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	gerund	the one not said here	it		his chest			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent it=Theme against chest=Location

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Neither, bags are never heavy enough to hurt

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Neither	neither	ADV	_	6 heavy	advmod
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Neither	punct
3	bags	bag	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 heavy	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 heavy	cop
5	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	6 heavy	advmod
6	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	enough	enough	ADV	_	6 heavy	advmod
8	to	to	PART	_	9 hurt	mark
9	hurt	hurt	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 heavy	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is	present	bags					enough, heavy, neither property	tree rules
2	hurt	to-infinitive	bags not said here						vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

Option 4

The one with straight arms

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 one	det
2	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	with	with	ADP	_	5 arms	case
4	straight	straight	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 arms	amod
5	arms	arm	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 one	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/3-lifting-and-carrying/t2/