Test 9 · ★★★ · Thinking like an animal
A girl in Colorado sees two bear cubs with no mother in sight. Why is this a dangerous moment?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: girl, this · What happens: see, be · To what, where: two bear cubs
This is test 9 · ★★★ of lesson 30 «Thinking like an animal» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: A girl in Colorado sees two bear cubs with no mother in sight.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 girl | det |
| 2 | girl | girl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 sees | nsubj |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 Colorado | case |
| 4 | Colorado | Colorado | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 girl | nmod |
| 5 | sees | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 8 cubs | nummod |
| 7 | bear | bear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 cubs | compound |
| 8 | cubs | cub | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 sees | obj |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 11 mother | case |
| 10 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 11 mother | det |
| 11 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 sees | obl |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 sight | case |
| 13 | sight | sight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 mother | nmod |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 sees | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | present | a girl in Colorado | two bear cubs | with no mother in sight | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cub=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Why is this a dangerous moment?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Rel | root | root |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Why | cop |
| 3 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 1 Why | nsubj |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 moment | det |
| 5 | dangerous | dangerous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 moment | amod |
| 6 | moment | moment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Why | nsubj |
| 7 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 1 Why | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | this | why property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
Cubs are more dangerous than adult bears, as they bite harder
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cubs | cub | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 dangerous | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 dangerous | cop |
| 3 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 4 dangerous | advmod |
| 4 | dangerous | dangerous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | than | than | ADP | _ | 7 bears | case |
| 6 | adult | adult | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 bears | amod |
| 7 | bears | bear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 dangerous | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 bite | punct |
| 9 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 11 bite | mark |
| 10 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 bite | nsubj |
| 11 | bite | bite | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 dangerous | parataxis |
| 12 | harder | hard | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 11 bite | xcomp |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Cubs | than adult bears; dangerous property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | bite | present | Cubs = cub | hard property | vn swat-18.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
Option 2
Lost cubs call wolves to help them
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lost | lose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 cubs | amod |
| 2 | cubs | cub | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 call | nsubj |
| 3 | call | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | wolves | wolf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 call | obj |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 help | mark |
| 6 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 call | advcl |
| 7 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 help | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lose | participle | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | call | present | Lost cubs | wolves | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent wolf=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | help | to-infinitive | Lost cubs not said here | wolves = wolf | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary |
Option 3
Bear cubs always attack people
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bear | bear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 cubs | compound |
| 2 | cubs | cub | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 attack | nsubj |
| 3 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 4 attack | advmod |
| 4 | attack | attack | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 attack | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | attack | present | Bear cubs | people | always property | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
The mother is probably nearby and will defend her cubs
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 mother | det |
| 2 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 nearby | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 nearby | cop |
| 4 | probably | probably | ADV | _ | 5 nearby | advmod |
| 5 | nearby | nearby | ADV | _ | root | root |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 defend | cc |
| 7 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 defend | aux |
| 8 | defend | defend | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 nearby | conj |
| 9 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 defend | obj |
| 10 | cubs | cub | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 defend | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the mother | nearby, probably property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | defend | future | the mother not said here | her = she | tree rules |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/30-thinking-like-an-animal/t9/