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Test 2 · ★ · Outdoor games, playgrounds and the rules of sports

A boy is sledding head first down a hill towards a line of trees. What is the main danger?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: boy, main danger · What happens: sled, be · To what, where: head, hill

This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 304 «Outdoor games, playgrounds and the rules of sports» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A boy is sledding head first down a hill towards a line of trees.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 boy	det
2	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sledding	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 sledding	aux
4	sledding	sled	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sledding	obj
6	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	4 sledding	advmod
7	down	down	ADP	_	9 hill	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 hill	det
9	hill	hill	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sledding	obl
10	towards	towards	ADP	_	12 line	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 line	det
12	line	line	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 hill	nmod
13	of	of	ADP	_	14 trees	case
14	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 line	nmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 sledding	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sled	present · progressive	a boy	head		a hill towards a line of trees		first property	vn vehicle-51.4.1-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent head=Theme down hill=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is the main danger?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 danger	det
4	main	main	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 danger	amod
5	danger	danger	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the main danger						tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Hitting a tree head first and hurting his head or neck

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hitting	hit	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 head	det
3	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 head	compound
4	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Hitting	obj
5	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	1 Hitting	advmod
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 hurting	cc
7	hurting	hurt	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Hitting	conj
8	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 head	nmod:poss
9	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 hurting	obj
10	or	or	CCONJ	_	11 neck	cc
11	neck	neck	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 head	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hit	gerund		a tree head				first property	vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme head=Co-Theme
2	hurt	gerund		his head or neck					vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer head=Patient

Option 2

Getting snow down the back of his coat and catching a bad cold from it

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Getting	get	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	root	root
2	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Getting	obj
3	down	down	ADP	_	5 back	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 back	det
5	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Getting	obl
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 coat	case
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 coat	nmod:poss
8	coat	coat	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 back	nmod
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 catching	cc
10	catching	catch	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Getting	conj
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 cold	det
12	bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 cold	amod
13	cold	cold	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 catching	obj
14	from	from	ADP	_	15 it	case
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 catching	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	get	gerund		snow				down the back of his coat	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer snow=Stimulus
2	catch	gerund		a bad cold		cold			vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent cold=Theme from it=Source

Option 3

Going too slowly to reach the bottom

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Going	go	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	too	too	ADV	_	3 slowly	advmod
3	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	1 Going	advmod
4	to	to	PART	_	5 reach	mark
5	reach	reach	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Going	advcl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 bottom	det
7	bottom	bottom	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 reach	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	gerund						slowly property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	reach	to-infinitive		the bottom					vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent bottom=Theme

Option 4

Making the sled scratched underneath

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Making	make	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 scratched	csubj
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 sled	det
3	sled	sled	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Making	obj
4	scratched	scratch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	underneath	underneath	ADV	_	4 scratched	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	gerund		the sled					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sled=Product
2	scratch	past	Making					underneath property	vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/304-outdoor-games-and-sports-rules/t2/