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Test 1 · ★ · Pavements, crossings, cars, trains, airports and bikes

A boy in Glasgow is minding his four-year-old cousin on a pavement beside a busy road. Where should the cousin walk?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: boy, cousin · What happens: mind, walk · To what, where: old cousin, pavement

This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 310 «Pavements, crossings, cars, trains, airports and bikes» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A boy in Glasgow is minding his four-year-old cousin on a pavement beside a busy road.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 boy	det
2	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 minding	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 Glasgow	case
4	Glasgow	Glasgow	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 boy	nmod
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 minding	aux
6	minding	mind	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 cousin	nmod:poss
8	four	four	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 year	nummod
9	-	-	PUNCT	_	8 four	punct
10	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 old	compound
11	-	-	PUNCT	_	10 year	punct
12	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 cousin	amod
13	cousin	cousin	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 minding	obj
14	on	on	ADP	_	16 pavement	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 pavement	det
16	pavement	pavement	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 minding	obl
17	beside	beside	ADP	_	20 road	case
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 road	det
19	busy	busy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 road	amod
20	road	road	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 minding	obl
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 minding	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mind	present · progressive	a boy in Glasgow	boy's old cousin		a pavement		beside a busy road	vn caring-75.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cousin=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Where should the cousin walk?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	5 walk	advmod
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 walk	aux
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 cousin	det
4	cousin	cousin	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 walk	nsubj
5	walk	walk	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 walk	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	walk	should	the cousin						vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1

Behind him, holding his jacket

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Behind	behind	ADP	_	2 him	case
2	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 holding	obl
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 him	punct
4	holding	hold	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 jacket	nmod:poss
6	jacket	jacket	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 holding	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	gerund		his jacket				behind him = he	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent jacket=Theme behind he=Location

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

On the inside, holding his hand, away from the traffic

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	On	on	ADP	_	3 inside	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 inside	det
3	inside	inside	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 holding	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 inside	punct
5	holding	hold	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 hand	nmod:poss
7	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 holding	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 away	punct
9	away	away	ADV	_	5 holding	advmod
10	from	from	ADP	_	12 traffic	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 traffic	det
12	traffic	traffic	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 away	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	gerund		his hand		the inside		away property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent hand=Theme on inside=Location

Option 3

A few steps ahead on their own

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 steps	det
2	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 steps	amod
3	steps	step	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	ahead	ahead	ADV	_	3 steps	advmod
5	on	on	ADP	_	7 own	case
6	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 own	nmod:poss
7	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 steps	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

On the outside, next to the kerb, so he can keep an eye on him

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	On	on	ADP	_	3 outside	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 outside	det
3	outside	outside	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 keep	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 kerb	punct
5	next	next	ADV	_	8 kerb	advmod
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 kerb	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 kerb	det
8	kerb	kerb	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 outside	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 keep	punct
10	so	so	ADV	_	13 keep	advmod
11	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 keep	nsubj
12	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 keep	aux
13	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
14	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 eye	det
15	eye	eye	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 keep	obj
16	on	on	ADP	_	17 him	case
17	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 keep	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	can	he	a eye		the outside to the kerb		on him = he	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent eye=Theme on outside=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/310-pavements-crossings-cars-planes-and-bikes/t1/