Test 18 · ★ · Why people lie, harmful lies and cheating in games and marks

my cousin says a girl pretended to be hurt so often that "when she really broke her arm nobody came for 3 hours". what's the true bit

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: cousin, girl, nobody, true bit · What happens: say, pretend, hurt, break, come, be · To what, where: arm · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 18 · ★ of lesson 312 «Why people lie, harmful lies and cheating in games and marks» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 cousin	nmod:poss
2	cousin	cousin	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 girl	det
5	girl	girl	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 pretended	nsubj
6	pretended	pretend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
7	to	to	PART	_	9 hurt	mark
8	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 hurt	aux:pass
9	hurt	hurt	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 pretended	ccomp
10	so	so	ADV	_	11 often	advmod
11	often	often	ADV	_	9 hurt	advmod
12	that	that	SCONJ	_	17 broke	mark
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	17 broke	punct
14	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	17 broke	advmod
15	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 broke	nsubj
16	really	really	ADV	_	17 broke	advmod
17	broke	break	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 hurt	advcl
18	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	19 arm	nmod:poss
19	arm	arm	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 broke	obj
20	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	21 came	nsubj
21	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	19 arm	acl:relcl
22	for	for	ADP	_	24 hours	case
23	3	3	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	24 hours	nummod
24	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 came	obl
25	"	"	PUNCT	_	17 broke	punct
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 pretended	punct
27	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	6 pretended	parataxis
28	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 what	cop
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 bit	det
30	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 bit	amod
31	bit	bit	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 what	nsubj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	my cousin				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	pretend	past	a girl				tree rules
3	hurt	to-infinitive · passive	a girl not said here			often property	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»
4	break in a quote	past	girl	girl's arm			vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer arm=Patient
5	come in a quote	past	nobody	girl's arm not said here	hour		vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location arm=Theme
6	is a	present	the true bit				tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Doctors ignore every child's injury

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Doctors	doctor	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 ignore	nsubj
2	ignore	ignore	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	4 child	det
4	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 injury	nmod:poss
5	's	's	PART	_	4 child	case
6	injury	injury	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 ignore	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ignore	present	Doctors	every child's injury					vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent injury=Theme
2	injure		every child						nom injury «state transitive»: poss=agent

Option 2

Arms never really break in play

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Arms	arm	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 break	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	4 break	advmod
3	really	really	ADV	_	4 break	advmod
4	break	break	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 play	case
6	play	play	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 break	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not break	infinitive	Arms			play			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in play=Location

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

False alarms make it harder to be believed later

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	False	false	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 alarms	amod
2	alarms	alarm	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 make	nsubj
3	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 make	obj
5	harder	hard	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 make	xcomp
6	to	to	PART	_	8 believed	mark
7	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	8 believed	aux:pass
8	believed	believe	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 make	advcl
9	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	8 believed	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	False alarms	it				hard property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product
2	believe	to-infinitive · passive	False alarms not said here					late property	vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»

Option 4

Pretending to be hurt is harmless

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pretending	pretend	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 harmless	csubj
2	to	to	PART	_	4 hurt	mark
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 hurt	aux:pass
4	hurt	hurt	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Pretending	xcomp
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 harmless	cop
6	harmless	harmless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	pretend	gerund			tree rules
2	hurt	to-infinitive · passive			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»
3	is	present	Pretending	harmless property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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