Exam question 1 · Teeth, baths and showers, safety glasses, getting dressed,…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the danger posed by bath water to small children?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, pose · To what, where: danger, small children

This is exam question 1 of lesson 317 «Teeth, baths and showers, safety glasses, getting dressed, sleep and safe food» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 danger	det
10	danger	danger	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	posed	pose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 danger	acl
12	by	by	ADP	_	14 water	case
13	bath	bath	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 water	compound
14	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 posed	obl
15	to	to	ADP	_	17 children	case
16	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 children	amod
17	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 posed	obl
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the danger		of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	pose	participle	the danger not said here	small children	by bath water	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V PP.recipient how S»: agent=Agent to child=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Children always cry out when slipping

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 cry	nsubj
2	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	3 cry	advmod
3	cry	cry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	out	out	ADP	_	3 cry	compound:prt
5	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	6 slipping	advmod
6	slipping	slip	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 cry	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cry out speech: express	present	Children					always property	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	slip	gerund	Children not said here						vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

Option 2

Bath water is safe so long as it stays below the height of the child's knee

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bath	bath	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 water	compound
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 safe	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 safe	cop
4	safe	safe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	so	so	ADV	_	6 long	advmod
6	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	4 safe	advmod
7	as	as	SCONJ	_	9 stays	mark
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 stays	nsubj
9	stays	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 long	advcl
10	below	below	ADP	_	12 height	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 height	det
12	height	height	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 stays	obl
13	of	of	ADP	_	17 knee	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 child	det
15	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 knee	nmod:poss
16	's	's	PART	_	15 child	case
17	knee	knee	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 height	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Bath water					long, safe property	tree rules
2	stay	present	water			the height of the child's knee			vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme below height=Location

Option 3

Drowning occurs only in deep water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Drowning	drowning	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 occurs	nsubj
2	occurs	occur	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	6 water	advmod
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 water	case
5	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 water	amod
6	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 occurs	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	occur	present	Drowning	deep water					tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Drowning may occur in a few centimetres of water, often silently

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Drowning	drown	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 occur	nsubj
2	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 occur	aux
3	occur	occur	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 centimetres	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 centimetres	det
6	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 centimetres	amod
7	centimetres	centimetre	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 occur	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 water	case
9	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 centimetres	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 often	punct
11	often	often	ADV	_	12 silently	advmod
12	silently	silently	ADV	_	3 occur	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drown	gerund							vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	occur	may				a few centimetres of water		silently property	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in centimetre=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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