Test 2 · ★ · Walking, seat belts, buses, airports, bike helmets, queues…
A child tucks the shoulder belt behind his back because it rubs his neck. Which is TRUE?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: child, belt · What happens: tuck, rub, be · To what, where: shoulder belt, back, neck
This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 331 «Walking, seat belts, buses, airports, bike helmets, queues and tipping» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: A child tucks the shoulder belt behind his back because it rubs his neck.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 child | det |
| 2 | child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 tucks | nsubj |
| 3 | tucks | tuck | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 belt | det |
| 5 | shoulder | shoulder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 belt | compound |
| 6 | belt | belt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 tucks | obj |
| 7 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 9 back | case |
| 8 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 back | nmod:poss |
| 9 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 belt | nmod |
| 10 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 12 rubs | mark |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 rubs | nsubj |
| 12 | rubs | rub | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 tucks | advcl |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 neck | nmod:poss |
| 14 | neck | neck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 rubs | obj |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 tucks | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tuck | present | a child | the shoulder belt | child's back | vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent belt=Theme behind back=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | rub | present | belt | child's neck | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent neck=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Which is TRUE?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 3 TRUE | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 TRUE | cop |
| 3 | TRUE | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 TRUE | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | true property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
Only the lap belt matters in a crash
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Only | only | ADV | _ | 4 belt | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 belt | det |
| 3 | lap | lap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 belt | compound |
| 4 | belt | belt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 matters | nsubj |
| 5 | matters | matter | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 crash | case |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 crash | det |
| 8 | crash | crash | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 matters | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | matter | present | the lap belt | a crash | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |
Option 2
It is safer behind the back in a crash
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 safer | expl |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 safer | cop |
| 3 | safer | safe | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | root | root |
| 4 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 6 back | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 back | det |
| 6 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 safer | obl |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 crash | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 crash | det |
| 9 | crash | crash | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 back | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the back in a crash | safe property | tree rules |
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer
He should sit so it crosses his chest and shoulder, because behind his back it cannot protect him
The tree, 19 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 sit | nsubj |
| 2 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 sit | aux |
| 3 | sit | sit | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | so | so | ADV | _ | 6 crosses | advmod |
| 5 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 crosses | nsubj |
| 6 | crosses | cross | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 sit | advcl |
| 7 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 chest | nmod:poss |
| 8 | chest | chest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 crosses | obj |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 shoulder | cc |
| 10 | shoulder | shoulder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 chest | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 protect | punct |
| 12 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 19 protect | mark |
| 13 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 15 back | case |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 back | nmod:poss |
| 15 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 protect | obl |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 protect | nsubj |
| 17 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 protect | aux |
| 18 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 19 protect | advmod |
| 19 | protect | protect | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 sit | advcl |
| 20 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 protect | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sit | should | He | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | cross | present | it | his chest and shoulder | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chest=Patient | ||||
| 3 | not protect | can | back | him = he | his back | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary |
Option 4
It protects him just the same behind his back, because the lap part does all the real work in a crash
The tree, 21 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 protects | nsubj |
| 2 | protects | protect | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 protects | obj |
| 4 | just | just | ADV | _ | 6 same | advmod |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 same | det |
| 6 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 protects | obj |
| 7 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 9 back | case |
| 8 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 back | nmod:poss |
| 9 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 same | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 does | punct |
| 11 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 15 does | mark |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 part | det |
| 13 | lap | lap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 part | compound |
| 14 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 does | nsubj |
| 15 | does | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 protects | parataxis |
| 16 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 19 work | det:predet |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 work | det |
| 18 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 work | amod |
| 19 | work | work | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 does | obj |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 crash | case |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 crash | det |
| 22 | crash | crash | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 does | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | protect | present | It | him = he | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | do | present | the lap part | all real work | a crash | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent work=Eventuality |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/331-walking-seat-belts-buses-airports-bikes-and-tipping/t2/