Exam question 1 · Harmful pranks, April Fools' tricks, hidden adverts and to…
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises pranks that damage property?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: pranks · What happens: follow, characteris, damage · To what, where: pranks, property
This is exam question 1 of lesson 334 «Harmful pranks, April Fools' tricks, hidden adverts and too-good-to-be-true offers» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 characterises | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 statements | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 statements | det |
| 4 | following | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 statements | amod |
| 5 | statements | statement | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 characterises | obl |
| 6 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 7 accurately | advmod |
| 7 | accurately | accurately | ADV | _ | 8 characterises | advmod |
| 8 | characterises | characteris | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | pranks | prank | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 characterises | obj |
| 10 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 damage | nsubj |
| 11 | damage | damage | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 pranks | acl:relcl |
| 12 | property | property | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 damage | obj |
| 13 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 8 characterises | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | follow | gerund | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | characteris | present | pranks | of the following statements; accurately property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | damage | present | pranks | property | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent property=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1
They are permitted if nobody is hurt
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 permitted | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 permitted | aux:pass |
| 3 | permitted | permit | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 7 hurt | mark |
| 5 | nobody | nobody | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 7 hurt | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 hurt | aux:pass |
| 7 | hurt | hurt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 permitted | advcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | permit | present · passive | They | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 2 | hurt a condition, not said to happen | present · passive | nobody | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice
They are the responsibility of the owner
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 responsibility | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 responsibility | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 responsibility | det |
| 4 | responsibility | responsibility | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 owner | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 owner | det |
| 7 | owner | owner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 responsibility | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | They | the responsibility | of the owner | tree rules |
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer
Someone must clean or pay for the damage, and they may be a crime
The tree, 14 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 3 clean | nsubj |
| 2 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 clean | aux |
| 3 | clean | clean | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 5 pay | cc |
| 5 | pay | pay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 clean | conj |
| 6 | for | for | ADP | _ | 8 damage | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 damage | det |
| 8 | damage | damage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 pay | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 crime | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 crime | cc |
| 11 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 crime | nsubj |
| 12 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 15 crime | aux |
| 13 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 15 crime | cop |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 crime | det |
| 15 | crime | crime | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 clean | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | clean | must | Someone | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 2 | pay | infinitive | Someone not said here | for the damage | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for damage=Theme | ||||
| 3 | is a | may | they | a crime | tree rules |
Option 4
They are harmless if done on April Fools' Day, when such jokes are customary
The tree, 15 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 harmless | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 harmless | cop |
| 3 | harmless | harmless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 5 done | mark |
| 5 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 harmless | advcl |
| 6 | on | on | ADP | _ | 10 Day | case |
| 7 | April | April | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Fools | compound |
| 8 | Fools | Fool | PROPN | Number=Plur | 10 Day | nmod:poss |
| 9 | ' | 's | PART | _ | 8 Fools | case |
| 10 | Day | Day | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 done | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 customary | punct |
| 12 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 16 customary | advmod |
| 13 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 jokes | amod |
| 14 | jokes | joke | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 customary | nsubj |
| 15 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 customary | cop |
| 16 | customary | customary | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 harmless | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | They | harmless property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | do a condition, not said to happen | participle | They not said here | on April Fools's Day | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | is a | present | such jokes | customary | tree rules |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/334-pranks-april-fools-adverts-and-too-good-offers/e1/