Exam question 3 · Excuses and the lies that grow

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the reporting to a teacher of physical harm inflicted by another pupil?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris, inflict · To what, where: reporting, physical harm

This is exam question 3 of lesson 337 «Excuses and the lies that grow» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 reporting	det
10	reporting	reporting	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	to	to	ADP	_	13 teacher	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 teacher	det
13	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obl
14	of	of	ADP	_	16 harm	case
15	physical	physical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 harm	amod
16	harm	harm	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 teacher	nmod
17	inflicted	inflict	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	16 harm	acl
18	by	by	ADP	_	20 pupil	case
19	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	20 pupil	det
20	pupil	pupil	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 inflicted	obl
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the reporting	of the following statements; to a teacher of physical harm; accurately property	tree rules
3	inflict	participle	physical harm not said here	by another pupil	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It constitutes disloyalty and ought to be avoided

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 constitutes	nsubj
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	disloyalty	disloyalty	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitutes	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 avoided	cc
5	ought	ought	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 avoided	aux
6	to	to	PART	_	8 avoided	mark
7	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	8 avoided	aux:pass
8	avoided	avoid	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 constitutes	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	It	disloyalty					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme disloyalty=Pivot
2	avoid	ought · passive							vn avoid-52 «NP V S_ING»

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It constitutes a proper request for assistance and not the telling of tales

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 constitutes	nsubj
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 request	det
4	proper	proper	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 request	amod
5	request	request	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitutes	obj
6	for	for	ADP	_	7 assistance	case
7	assistance	assistance	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 request	nmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 telling	cc
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 telling	advmod
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 telling	det
11	telling	telling	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 assistance	conj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 tales	case
13	tales	tale	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 telling	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	It	a proper request				for assistance and the telling of tales	vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme request=Pivot
2	tell			tales					nom telling «communication transitive»: of=patient

Option 3

It is invariably of no assistance to the pupil harmed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 assistance	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 assistance	cop
3	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	6 assistance	advmod
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 assistance	case
5	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	6 assistance	det
6	assistance	assistance	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 pupil	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 pupil	det
9	pupil	pupil	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 assistance	nmod
10	harmed	harm	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 pupil	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					of no assistance; to the pupil; invariably property	tree rules
2	harm	participle		the pupil not said here					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

Option 4

It is appropriate solely where an injury requires hospital treatment

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 appropriate	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 appropriate	cop
3	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	solely	solely	ADV	_	3 appropriate	advmod
5	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	8 requires	advmod
6	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 injury	det
7	injury	injury	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 requires	nsubj
8	requires	require	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 appropriate	advcl
9	hospital	hospital	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 treatment	compound
10	treatment	treatment	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 requires	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					appropriate, solely property	tree rules
2	require	present	a injury	hospital treatment					vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme treatment=Precondition

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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