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Test 11 · ★ · Excuses and the lies that grow

A boy keeps saying he's tired to miss things. What does his mum begin to think?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: boy, mum · What happens: keep, say, be, miss, begin, think · To what, where: things · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 337 «Excuses and the lies that grow» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A boy keeps saying he's tired to miss things.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 boy	det
2	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 keeps	nsubj
3	keeps	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	saying	say	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 keeps	xcomp
5	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 tired	nsubj
6	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 tired	cop
7	tired	tired	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 saying	ccomp
8	to	to	PART	_	9 miss	mark
9	miss	miss	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 tired	advcl
10	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 miss	obj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 keeps	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	present	a boy						tree rules
2	say speech: assert	gerund	a boy not said here						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	is	present	boy					tired property	tree rules
4	miss	to-infinitive	boy not said here	things					vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer thing=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does his mum begin to think?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 begin	aux
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 mum	nmod:poss
4	mum	mum	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 begin	nsubj
5	begin	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	acl:relcl
6	to	to	PART	_	7 think	mark
7	think	think	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 begin	xcomp
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	begin	present · do-support	boy's mum						vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	think speech: other	to-infinitive	boy's mum not said here						vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

The options

Option 1

That he needs more sleep, nothing else, and an early bedtime

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 needs	nsubj
2	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 needs	nsubj
3	needs	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 sleep	amod
5	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 needs	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 nothing	punct
7	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	5 sleep	appos
8	else	else	ADV	_	7 nothing	advmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 bedtime	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 bedtime	cc
11	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 bedtime	det
12	early	early	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 bedtime	amod
13	bedtime	bedtime	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 needs	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present	That	more sleep					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot sleep=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

That his excuses can't be trusted, even when he is tired

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	2 his	nsubj
2	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 excuses	nmod:poss
3	excuses	excuse	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 trusted	nsubj:pass
4	ca	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 trusted	aux
5	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 trusted	advmod
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 trusted	aux:pass
7	trusted	trust	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 tired	punct
9	even	even	ADV	_	13 tired	advmod
10	when	when	SCONJ	_	13 tired	mark
11	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 tired	nsubj
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 tired	cop
13	tired	tired	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 trusted	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not trust	can · passive		his excuses					vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	is	present	he					tired property	tree rules
3	excuse		his = he						nom excuse «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Option 3

That he is very honest

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	5 honest	nsubj
2	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 honest	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 honest	cop
4	very	very	ADV	_	5 honest	advmod
5	honest	honest	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	That					honest property	tree rules

Option 4

That tiredness is catching

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	2 tiredness	det
2	tiredness	tiredness	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 catching	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 catching	aux
4	catching	catch	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	catch	present · progressive	that tiredness						vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/337-excuses-and-the-lies-that-grow/t11/