Exam question 3 · Cheating in games and sports

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the alteration of a score subsequent to its recording?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris, alter · To what, where: alteration, score subsequent

This is exam question 3 of lesson 341 «Cheating in games and sports» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 alteration	det
10	alteration	alteration	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	14 subsequent	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 subsequent	det
13	score	score	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 subsequent	compound
14	subsequent	subsequent	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 alteration	nmod
15	to	to	ADP	_	17 recording	case
16	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 recording	nmod:poss
17	recording	recording	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obl
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the alteration of a score subsequent	of the following statements; to subsequent's recording; accurately property	tree rules
3	alter		a score subsequent		nom alteration «event transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It alters the record but not the knowledge of the pupil

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 alters	nsubj
2	alters	alter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 record	det
4	record	record	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 alters	obj
5	but	but	CCONJ	_	8 knowledge	cc
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 knowledge	advmod
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 knowledge	det
8	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 record	conj
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 pupil	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 pupil	det
11	pupil	pupil	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 knowledge	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	alter	present	It	the record but the knowledge of the pupil					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent record=Patient

Option 2

It improves the knowledge of the pupil, since the higher mark encourages him

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 improves	nsubj
2	improves	improve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 knowledge	det
4	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 improves	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 pupil	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 pupil	det
7	pupil	pupil	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 knowledge	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 encourages	punct
9	since	since	SCONJ	_	13 encourages	mark
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 mark	det
11	higher	high	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	12 mark	amod
12	mark	mark	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 encourages	nsubj
13	encourages	encourage	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 improves	conj
14	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 encourages	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	improve	present	It	the knowledge of the pupil					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent knowledge=Patient
2	encourage	present	the higher mark	pupil					vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme

Option 3

It is permissible where unobserved

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 permissible	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 permissible	cop
3	permissible	permissible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	5 unobserved	advmod
5	unobserved	unobserv	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 permissible	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					permissible property	tree rules
2	unobserv	participle							tree rules

Option 4

It is required by the rules of the quiz

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 required	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 required	aux:pass
3	required	require	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 rules	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 rules	det
6	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 required	obl:agent
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 quiz	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 quiz	det
9	quiz	quiz	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 rules	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	require	present · passive	the rules of the quiz	It					vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Precondition
2	rule		the quiz						nom rule «cognition intransitive»: of=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/341-cheating-in-games-and-sports/e3/