Exam question 2 · Leaving someone out

Identify the principal effect upon a pupil of laughter directed at his incorrect answers.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, pupil · What happens: identify, direct, answer · To what, where: principal effect, laughter, incorrect answers

This is exam question 2 of lesson 347 «Leaving someone out» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 effect	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 effect	amod
4	effect	effect	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	7 pupil	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 pupil	det
7	pupil	pupil	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 effect	nmod
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 laughter	case
9	laughter	laughter	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 pupil	nmod
10	directed	direct	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 laughter	acl
11	at	at	ADP	_	14 answers	case
12	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 answers	nmod:poss
13	incorrect	incorrect	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 answers	amod
14	answers	answer	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 directed	obl
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal effect		upon a pupil of laughter	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent effect=Theme
2	direct	participle		laughter not said here	pupil's incorrect answers		vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme PP.predicate»: agent=Agent at answer=Eventuality
3	answer		pupil				nom answer «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He ceases to make errors

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 ceases	nsubj
2	ceases	cease	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 make	mark
4	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 ceases	xcomp
5	errors	error	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 make	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cease	present	He						vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
2	make	to-infinitive	He not said here	errors					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset error=Product

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

He becomes less willing to attempt answers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 becomes	nsubj
2	becomes	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	less	less	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 willing	advmod
4	willing	willing	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 becomes	xcomp
5	to	to	PART	_	6 attempt	mark
6	attempt	attempt	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 willing	xcomp
7	answers	answer	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 attempt	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	become	present	He					willing property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
2	attempt	to-infinitive	He not said here	answers					vn try-61.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Eventuality

Option 3

It has no effect whatsoever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 has	nsubj
2	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 effect	det
4	effect	effect	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 has	obj
5	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	_	2 has	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	It	no effect				whatsoever property	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent effect=Patient

Option 4

He becomes more confident

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 becomes	nsubj
2	becomes	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 confident	advmod
4	confident	confident	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 becomes	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	become	present	He					confident property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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