Exam question 3 · Rude words at the table

It is given that young children commonly imitate the language of older children. Select the response consistent with this fact.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: young children, you · What happens: give, imitate, select · To what, where: It, language, response

This is exam question 3 of lesson 354 «Rude words at the table» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that young children commonly imitate the language of older children.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 imitate	mark
5	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 children	amod
6	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 imitate	nsubj
7	commonly	commonly	ADV	_	8 imitate	advmod
8	imitate	imitate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	advcl
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 language	det
10	language	language	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 imitate	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 children	case
12	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	13 children	amod
13	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 language	nmod
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	imitate	present	young children	the language of older children				commonly property	vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent language=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Select the response consistent with this fact.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	amod
5	with	with	ADP	_	7 fact	case
6	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	7 fact	det
7	fact	fact	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 consistent	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response					vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Older children ought to choose their words with care in their presence

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 children	amod
2	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 choose	nsubj
3	ought	ought	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 choose	aux
4	to	to	PART	_	5 choose	mark
5	choose	choose	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 words	nmod:poss
7	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 choose	obj
8	with	with	ADP	_	9 care	case
9	care	care	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 choose	obl
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 presence	case
11	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 presence	nmod:poss
12	presence	presence	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 choose	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	choose	ought	Older children	children's words		children's presence		with care	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme
2	word		children = child						nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Option 2

The use of rude words is therefore harmless

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 use	det
2	use	use	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 harmless	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 words	case
4	rude	rude	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 words	amod
5	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 use	nmod
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 harmless	cop
7	therefore	therefore	ADV	_	8 harmless	advmod
8	harmless	harmless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the use of rude words					harmless, therefore property	tree rules
2	use			rude words					nom use «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 3

Young children are unable to learn any words merely by hearing them spoken

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 children	amod
2	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 unable	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 unable	cop
4	unable	unable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 learn	mark
6	learn	learn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 unable	xcomp
7	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	8 words	det
8	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 learn	obj
9	merely	merely	ADV	_	6 learn	advmod
10	by	by	SCONJ	_	11 hearing	mark
11	hearing	hear	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 learn	advcl
12	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 hearing	obj
13	spoken	speak	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 hearing	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	Young children		unable property	tree rules
2	learn	to-infinitive	Young children not said here	any words	merely property	vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Topic
3	hear	gerund	Young children not said here	words = word		tree rules
4	speak speech: other	participle	words = word not said here			vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Imitation applies only to written language

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Imitation	imitation	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 applies	nsubj
2	applies	apply	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	6 language	advmod
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 language	case
5	written	write	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 language	amod
6	language	language	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 applies	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	apply	present	Imitation					to written language	vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	write	participle							vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/354-rude-words-eye-rolls-and-i-hate-you/e3/