Exam question 1 · Simple cooking and a healthy breakfast

Identify the principal reason for which food heated in a microwave ought to be stirred.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify, heat, stir · To what, where: principal reason, food

This is exam question 1 of lesson 38 «Simple cooking and a healthy breakfast» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	DET	PronType=Int	7 food	det
7	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 stirred	nsubj:pass
8	heated	heat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 food	acl
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 microwave	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 microwave	det
11	microwave	microwave	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 heated	obl
12	ought	ought	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 stirred	aux
13	to	to	PART	_	15 stirred	mark
14	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	15 stirred	aux:pass
15	stirred	stir	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 reason	acl:relcl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	heat	participle		which food not said here	in a microwave	vn cooking-45.3 «NP V PP.result PP.instrument»: agent=Patient in microwave=Instrument
3	stir	ought · passive	you not said here	which food		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Stirring adds air that improves the taste

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Stirring	stir	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 adds	nsubj
2	adds	add	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 adds	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 improves	nsubj
5	improves	improve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 air	acl:relcl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 taste	det
7	taste	taste	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 improves	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	stir	gerund			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
2	add speech: assert	present		air	vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Patient
3	improve	present	air	the taste	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent taste=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The food may be very hot in certain places and cool in others

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 food	det
2	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hot	nsubj
3	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 hot	aux
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 hot	cop
5	very	very	ADV	_	6 hot	advmod
6	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 places	case
8	certain	certain	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 places	amod
9	places	place	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 hot	obl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 cool	cc
11	cool	cool	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 hot	conj
12	in	in	ADP	_	13 others	case
13	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 cool	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	may	the food			certain places		hot property	tree rules
2	be		the food not said here			others			tree rules

Option 3

Stirring removes the bacteria from the food

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Stirring	stir	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 removes	nsubj
2	removes	remove	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 bacteria	det
4	bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 removes	obj
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 food	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 food	det
7	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 removes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stir	gerund							vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
2	remove	present		the bacteria		the food			vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent bacterium=Theme from food=Source

Option 4

Stirring causes the food to cook faster

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Stirring	stir	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 causes	nsubj
2	causes	cause	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 food	det
4	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 causes	obj
5	to	to	PART	_	6 cook	mark
6	cook	cook	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 causes	xcomp
7	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	6 cook	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	stir	gerund				vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
2	cause	present		the food		tree rules
3	cook	to-infinitive	the food not said here		fast property	vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/38-simple-cooking-and-breakfast/e1/