Exam question 2 · Maddie and Chloe's plaits

Ascertain the most probable reason for which a child who has been injured by a peer subsequently alters her route about the playground.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, peer, child · What happens: ascertain, injure, alter · To what, where: probable reason, child, route

This is exam question 2 of lesson 380 «Maddie and Chloe's plaits» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 reason	det
3	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	4 probable	advmod
4	probable	probable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 reason	amod
5	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
6	for	for	ADP	_	7 which	case
7	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	18 alters	obl
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 child	det
9	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 alters	nsubj
10	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 injured	nsubj:pass
11	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 injured	aux
12	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	13 injured	aux:pass
13	injured	injure	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 child	acl:relcl
14	by	by	ADP	_	16 peer	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 peer	det
16	peer	peer	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 injured	obl
17	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	_	18 alters	advmod
18	alters	alter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 reason	acl
19	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	20 route	nmod:poss
20	route	route	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 alters	obj
21	about	about	ADP	_	23 playground	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 playground	det
23	playground	playground	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 route	nmod
24	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the probable reason		vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic
2	injure	present · perfect · passive	a peer	a child		tree rules
3	alter	present	a child	child's route	for the probable reason; about the playground; subsequently property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent route=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

A requirement imposed by the school authorities

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 requirement	det
2	requirement	requirement	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	imposed	impose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 requirement	acl
4	by	by	ADP	_	7 authorities	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 authorities	det
6	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 authorities	compound
7	authorities	authority	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 imposed	obl:agent

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	impose	participle		a requirement not said here					vn enforce-63 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

Option 2

A preference for proximity to refuse receptacles

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 preference	det
2	preference	preference	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	for	for	ADP	_	4 proximity	case
4	proximity	proximity	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 preference	nmod
5	to	to	PART	_	6 refuse	mark
6	refuse	refuse	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 preference	acl
7	receptacles	receptacle	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 refuse	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	refuse	to-infinitive		receptacles					vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent receptacle=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

A desire to increase her daily exercise

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 desire	det
2	desire	desire	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 increase	mark
4	increase	increase	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 desire	acl
5	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 exercise	nmod:poss
6	daily	daily	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 exercise	amod
7	exercise	exercise	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 increase	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	increase	to-infinitive		her daily exercise					vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer exercise=Patient
2	exercise		her = she						nom exercise «act transitive»: poss=agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Avoidance of the peer by whom she was injured

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Avoidance	avoidance	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 peer	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 peer	det
4	peer	peer	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Avoidance	nmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 whom	case
6	whom	whom	PRON	PronType=Rel	1 Avoidance	nmod
7	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 injured	nsubj
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 injured	cop
9	injured	injured	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 whom	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	she					injured property	tree rules
2	avoid			the peer					nom avoidance «act transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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