Exam question 1 · Thinking it through: the science behind home safety

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the requirements of fire?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris, require · To what, where: requirements, fire

This is exam question 1 of lesson 40 «Thinking it through: the science behind home safety» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 requirements	det
10	requirements	requirement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 fire	case
12	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 requirements	nmod
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the requirements of fire	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	require		fire		nom requirement «cognition transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Fire requires heat, fuel and oxygen, the removal of any one of which extinguishes it

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 requires	nsubj
2	requires	require	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 requires	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 fuel	punct
5	fuel	fuel	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 heat	conj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 oxygen	cc
7	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 heat	conj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 removal	punct
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 removal	det
10	removal	removal	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 requires	obl
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 one	case
12	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	13 one	det
13	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 removal	nmod
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 which	case
15	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	16 extinguishes	nsubj
16	extinguishes	extinguish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 one	acl:relcl
17	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 extinguishes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	require	present	Fire	heat and fuel and oxygen	the removal of any one obl	vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme heat=Precondition
2	extinguish	present	any one	Fire		vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient
3	remove			any one		nom removal «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

Fire requires oxygen alone and is able to burn without the presence of fuel

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 requires	nsubj
2	requires	require	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 requires	obj
4	alone	alone	ADV	_	2 requires	advmod
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 able	cc
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 able	cop
7	able	able	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 requires	conj
8	to	to	PART	_	9 burn	mark
9	burn	burn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 able	xcomp
10	without	without	ADP	_	12 presence	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 presence	det
12	presence	presence	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 burn	obl
13	of	of	ADP	_	14 fuel	case
14	fuel	fuel	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 presence	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	require	present	Fire	oxygen	alone property	vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme oxygen=Precondition
2	is	present	Fire not said here		able property	tree rules
3	burn	to-infinitive	Fire not said here		without the presence of fuel	vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Fire requires heat alone and cannot be extinguished by any means whatsoever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 requires	nsubj
2	requires	require	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 requires	obj
4	alone	alone	ADV	_	2 requires	advmod
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 extinguished	cc
6	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 extinguished	aux
7	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 extinguished	advmod
8	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 extinguished	aux:pass
9	extinguished	extinguish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 requires	conj
10	by	by	SCONJ	_	12 means	mark
11	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	12 means	nsubj
12	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 extinguished	ccomp
13	whatsoever	whatsoever	PRON	PronType=Int	12 means	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	require	present	Fire	heat	alone property	vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme heat=Precondition
2	not extinguish	can · passive	Fire not said here			tree rules
3	mean	present	any	whatsoever		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whatsoever=Topic

Option 4

Fire requires only fuel and water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 requires	nsubj
2	requires	require	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 fuel	advmod
4	fuel	fuel	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 requires	obj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 water	cc
6	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 fuel	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	require	present	Fire	fuel and water					vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme fuel=Precondition

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/40-home-safety-reasoning/e1/