Test 5 · Crossing the road

Which is true about stopping a car?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · What happens: be, stop · To what, where: car

This is test 5 of lesson 41 «Crossing the road» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	about	about	SCONJ	_	5 stopping	mark
5	stopping	stop	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 true	advcl
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 car	det
7	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stopping	obj
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules
2	stop	gerund		a car					vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality car=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Stopping distance is the same at every speed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Stopping	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 same	csubj
2	distance	distance	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Stopping	obj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 same	cop
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 same	det
5	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	at	at	ADP	_	8 speed	case
7	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	8 speed	det
8	speed	speed	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 same	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	gerund		distance					vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality distance=Eventuality
2	is	present	Stopping			every speed		same property	tree rules

Option 2

Big cars stop sooner than small cars

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 cars	amod
2	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 stop	nsubj
3	stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	sooner	soon	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 stop	advmod
5	than	than	ADP	_	7 cars	case
6	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 cars	amod
7	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 sooner	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	present	Big cars					soon property	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A faster car needs more distance to stop

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 car	det
2	faster	fast	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 car	amod
3	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 needs	nsubj
4	needs	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 distance	amod
6	distance	distance	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 needs	obj
7	to	to	PART	_	8 stop	mark
8	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 needs	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present	a faster car	more distance					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot distance=Theme
2	stop	to-infinitive	a faster car not said here						vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Option 4

A car can always stop at once if the driver brakes hard

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 car	det
2	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stop	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 stop	aux
4	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	5 stop	advmod
5	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 once	case
7	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	5 stop	obl
8	if	if	SCONJ	_	11 brakes	mark
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 driver	det
10	driver	driver	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 brakes	nsubj
11	brakes	brake	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 stop	advcl
12	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 brakes	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	can	a car					always property	vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at once=Location
2	brake a condition, not said to happen	present	the driver					hard property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/41-crossing-the-road/t5/