Exam question 1 · «It was HIM!»: siblings blaming each other

Identify the principal reason for which causing a sibling to be punished for an act he did not commit is regarded as a grave falsehood.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, he, causing · What happens: identify, cause, punish, not commit, regard · To what, where: principal reason, sibling, act

This is exam question 1 of lesson 432 ««It was HIM!»: siblings blaming each other» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 causing	obl
7	causing	cause	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	21 regarded	csubj:pass
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 sibling	det
9	sibling	sibling	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 causing	obj
10	to	to	PART	_	12 punished	mark
11	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	12 punished	aux:pass
12	punished	punish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 causing	advcl
13	for	for	ADP	_	15 act	case
14	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 act	det
15	act	act	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 punished	obl
16	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 commit	nsubj
17	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	19 commit	aux
18	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	19 commit	advmod
19	commit	commit	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	15 act	acl:relcl
20	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 regarded	aux:pass
21	regarded	regard	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 reason	acl:relcl
22	as	as	ADP	_	25 falsehood	case
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 falsehood	det
24	grave	grave	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 falsehood	amod
25	falsehood	falsehood	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 regarded	obl
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	cause	gerund		a sibling		vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition sibling=Patient
3	punish	to-infinitive · passive			for a act	vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: for act=Theme
4	not commit	past · do-support	he	a act not said here		vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent act=Theme
5	regard	present · passive	causing		as a grave falsehood	vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.value»: as falsehood=Value

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The unjust punishment is borne by an innocent person

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 punishment	det
2	unjust	unjust	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 punishment	amod
3	punishment	punishment	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 borne	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 borne	aux:pass
5	borne	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	by	by	ADP	_	9 person	case
7	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 person	det
8	innocent	innocent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 person	amod
9	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 borne	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bear	present · passive	a innocent person	the unjust punishment					vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient

Option 2

It is of no consequence within the family

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 consequence	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 consequence	cop
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 consequence	case
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 consequence	det
5	consequence	consequence	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	within	within	ADP	_	8 family	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 family	det
8	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 consequence	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					of no consequence; within the family	tree rules

Option 3

Siblings are entitled to lie to one another

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Siblings	sibling	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 entitled	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 entitled	aux:pass
3	entitled	entitle	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 lie	mark
5	lie	lie	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 entitled	xcomp
6	to	to	ADP	_	7 one	case
7	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 lie	obl
8	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	7 one	fixed

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	entitle	present · passive		Siblings					tree rules
2	lie	to-infinitive			one				vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

It improves the subsequent behaviour of the sibling so punished

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 improves	nsubj
2	improves	improve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 behaviour	det
4	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 behaviour	amod
5	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 improves	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 sibling	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 sibling	det
8	sibling	sibling	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 behaviour	nmod
9	so	so	ADV	_	10 punished	advmod
10	punished	punish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 improves	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	improve	present	It	the subsequent behaviour of the sibling					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent behaviour=Patient
2	punish	participle							vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/432-it-was-him-siblings-blaming-each-other/e1/