Exam question 2 · Boasting cousins and made-up holidays

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning a child who, having frequently invented stories, subsequently relates a true one.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, established facts, child · What happens: select, establish, concern, have, invent, relate · To what, where: response, child, invented stories, true one

This is exam question 2 of lesson 435 «Boasting cousins and made-up holidays» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 child	det
11	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	20 relates	nsubj
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 having	punct
14	having	have	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	20 relates	csubj
15	frequently	frequently	ADV	_	16 invented	advmod
16	invented	invent	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	17 stories	amod
17	stories	story	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 having	obj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 relates	punct
19	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	_	20 relates	advmod
20	relates	relate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 child	acl:relcl
21	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 one	det
22	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 one	amod
23	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 relates	obj
24	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	a child		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus child=Experiencer
4	have	gerund		invented stories		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent story=Patient
5	invent	participle			frequently property	vn create-26.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	relate	present	a child	a true one	subsequently property	vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The true account is liable to be disbelieved

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 account	det
2	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 account	amod
3	account	account	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 liable	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 liable	cop
5	liable	liable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	8 disbelieved	mark
7	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	8 disbelieved	aux:pass
8	disbelieved	disbelieve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 liable	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the true account					liable property	tree rules
2	disbelieve	to-infinitive · passive	the true account not said here						tree rules

Option 2

The true account is believed more readily

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 account	det
2	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 account	amod
3	account	account	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 believed	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 believed	aux:pass
5	believed	believe	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	7 readily	advmod
7	readily	readily	ADV	_	5 believed	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	believe	present · passive		the true account				readily property	vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus

Option 3

The true account becomes false

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 account	det
2	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 account	amod
3	account	account	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 becomes	nsubj
4	becomes	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	false	false	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 becomes	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	become	present	the true account					false property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

Option 4

Previous inventions enhance the credibility of the child

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Previous	previous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 inventions	amod
2	inventions	invention	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 enhance	nsubj
3	enhance	enhance	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 credibility	det
5	credibility	credibility	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 enhance	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 child	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 child	det
8	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 credibility	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	enhance	present	Previous inventions	the credibility of the child					vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent credibility=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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