Exam question 4 · Boasting cousins and made-up holidays
It is given that a child related a fictitious ghost story as true at a sleepover, whereupon another child requested to be collected at three o'clock in the morning. Determine the conduct most appropriate.
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: child, you · What happens: give, relate, request, collect, determine · To what, where: It, fictitious ghost story, three o'clock, conduct
This is exam question 4 of lesson 435 «Boasting cousins and made-up holidays» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: It is given that a child related a fictitious ghost story as true at a sleepover, whereupon another child requested to be collected at three o'clock in the morning.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 given | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 given | aux:pass |
| 3 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 7 related | mark |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 child | det |
| 6 | child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 related | nsubj |
| 7 | related | relate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 given | advcl |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 story | det |
| 9 | fictitious | fictitious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 story | amod |
| 10 | ghost | ghost | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 story | compound |
| 11 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 related | obj |
| 12 | as | as | ADP | _ | 13 true | case |
| 13 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 story | amod |
| 14 | at | at | ADP | _ | 16 sleepover | case |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 sleepover | det |
| 16 | sleepover | sleepover | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 true | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 requested | punct |
| 18 | whereupon | whereupon | ADV | PronType=Int | 21 requested | advmod |
| 19 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 20 child | det |
| 20 | child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 requested | nsubj |
| 21 | requested | request | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 story | parataxis |
| 22 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 collected | mark |
| 23 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 24 collected | aux:pass |
| 24 | collected | collect | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 requested | xcomp |
| 25 | at | at | ADP | _ | 27 o'clock | case |
| 26 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 27 o'clock | nummod |
| 27 | o'clock | o'clock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 collected | obl |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 30 morning | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 morning | det |
| 30 | morning | morning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 collected | obl |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 given | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | present · passive | It | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 2 | relate | past | a child | a fictitious ghost story | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent story=Theme | ||||
| 3 | request | participle | another child | whereupon property | vn beg-58.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 4 | collect | to-infinitive · passive | another child not said here | three o'clock | morning | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V» |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Determine the conduct most appropriate.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Determine | determine | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 conduct | det |
| 3 | conduct | conduct | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Determine | obj |
| 4 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 5 appropriate | advmod |
| 5 | appropriate | appropriate | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 conduct | amod |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Determine | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | determine | imperative | you not said here | the conduct | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent conduct=Topic |
The options
Option 1
To refrain from apologising
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To | to | PART | _ | 2 refrain | mark |
| 2 | refrain | refrain | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | from | from | SCONJ | _ | 4 apologising | mark |
| 4 | apologising | apologise | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 refrain | advcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | refrain | to-infinitive | vn refrain-69 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | apologise speech: apologize | gerund | tree rules |
Option 2
To relate stories of a more frightening character on later occasions
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To | to | PART | _ | 2 relate | mark |
| 2 | relate | relate | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | stories | story | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 relate | obj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 character | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 character | det |
| 6 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 7 frightening | advmod |
| 7 | frightening | frightening | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 character | amod |
| 8 | character | character | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 stories | nmod |
| 9 | on | on | ADP | _ | 11 occasions | case |
| 10 | later | late | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 11 occasions | amod |
| 11 | occasions | occasion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 relate | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | relate | to-infinitive | stories of a frightening character | later occasions | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent story=Theme |
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
To state in advance that the story is invented
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To | to | PART | _ | 2 state | mark |
| 2 | state | state | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 advance | case |
| 4 | advance | advance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 state | obl |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 9 invented | mark |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 story | det |
| 7 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 invented | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 invented | aux:pass |
| 9 | invented | invent | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 state | advcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | state speech: other | to-infinitive | advance | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | invent | present · passive | the story | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |
Option 4
To insist thereafter that the story was true
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To | to | PART | _ | 2 insist | mark |
| 2 | insist | insist | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | thereafter | thereafter | ADV | _ | 2 insist | advmod |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 true | mark |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 story | det |
| 6 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 true | nsubj |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 true | cop |
| 8 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 insist | advcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | insist speech: other | to-infinitive | thereafter property | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is | past | the story | true property | tree rules |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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