Exam question 4 · When not to keep a friend's secret
It is given that a pupil, threatened with false blame, reports at once an act of damage committed by another. Determine the consequence most commonly reported.
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: damage, you · What happens: give, threaten, commit, act, determine, report · To what, where: It, act, pupil, damage, consequence
This is exam question 4 of lesson 437 «When not to keep a friend's secret» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: It is given that a pupil, threatened with false blame, reports at once an act of damage committed by another.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 given | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 given | aux:pass |
| 3 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 6 pupil | mark |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 pupil | det |
| 6 | pupil | pupil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 given | xcomp |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 threatened | punct |
| 8 | threatened | threaten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 pupil | acl |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 11 blame | case |
| 10 | false | false | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 blame | amod |
| 11 | blame | blame | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 threatened | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 reports | punct |
| 13 | reports | report | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 pupil | conj |
| 14 | at | at | ADP | _ | 17 act | case |
| 15 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 17 act | advmod |
| 16 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 act | det |
| 17 | act | act | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 given | obl |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 damage | case |
| 19 | damage | damage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 act | nmod |
| 20 | committed | commit | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 damage | acl |
| 21 | by | by | ADP | _ | 22 another | case |
| 22 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 20 committed | obl |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 given | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | present · passive | It | a act of damage | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: subject=Theme at act=Asset | ||||
| 2 | threaten | participle | a pupil and reports not said here | with false blame | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | commit | participle | damage not said here | by another | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | act | damage | nom act «communication intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Determine the consequence most commonly reported.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Determine | determine | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 consequence | det |
| 3 | consequence | consequence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Determine | obj |
| 4 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 5 commonly | advmod |
| 5 | commonly | commonly | ADV | _ | 6 reported | advmod |
| 6 | reported | report | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 consequence | acl |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Determine | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | determine | imperative | you not said here | the consequence | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent consequence=Topic | ||||
| 2 | report | participle | the consequence not said here | commonly property | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
The pupil is believed, having come forward early
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 pupil | det |
| 2 | pupil | pupil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 believed | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 believed | aux:pass |
| 4 | believed | believe | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 come | punct |
| 6 | having | have | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 come | nsubj |
| 7 | come | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 believed | conj |
| 8 | forward | forward | ADV | _ | 7 come | advmod |
| 9 | early | early | ADV | Degree=Pos | 7 come | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | believe | present · passive | the pupil | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | have | gerund | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | come forward | present | early, forward property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 2
The report is disregarded
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 report | det |
| 2 | report | report | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 disregarded | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 disregarded | aux:pass |
| 4 | disregarded | disregard | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | disregard | present · passive | the report | vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
Option 3
The pupil is presumed to be guilty of the damage
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 pupil | det |
| 2 | pupil | pupil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 presumed | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 presumed | aux:pass |
| 4 | presumed | presume | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 guilty | mark |
| 6 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 7 guilty | cop |
| 7 | guilty | guilty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 presumed | xcomp |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 damage | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 damage | det |
| 10 | damage | damage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 guilty | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | presume | present · passive | the pupil | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 2 | is | to-infinitive | of the damage; guilty property | tree rules |
Option 4
The pupil is punished for reporting
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 pupil | det |
| 2 | pupil | pupil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 punished | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 punished | aux:pass |
| 4 | punished | punish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | for | for | ADP | _ | 6 reporting | case |
| 6 | reporting | reporting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 punished | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | punish | present · passive | the pupil | for reporting | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Patient for reporting=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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