Exam question 1 · Cruel pranks and where the line is

Identify the principal characteristic which distinguishes a cruel prank from a good-natured one.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, principal characteristic · What happens: identify, distinguish · To what, where: principal characteristic, cruel prank

This is exam question 1 of lesson 439 «Cruel pranks and where the line is» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 characteristic	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 characteristic	amod
4	characteristic	characteristic	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 distinguishes	nsubj
6	distinguishes	distinguish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 characteristic	acl:relcl
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 prank	det
8	cruel	cruel	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 prank	amod
9	prank	prank	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 distinguishes	obj
10	from	from	ADP	_	15 one	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 one	det
12	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 natured	amod
13	-	-	PUNCT	_	12 good	punct
14	natured	natured	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 one	amod
15	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 distinguishes	obl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal characteristic					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent characteristic=Theme
2	distinguish	present	the principal characteristic	a cruel prank				from a natured one	vn distinguish-23.5-1 «NP V NP.theme PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent prank=Theme from one=Co-Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

One person is harmed or humiliated while others are amused

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	One	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 person	nummod
2	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 harmed	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 harmed	aux:pass
4	harmed	harm	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 humiliated	cc
6	humiliated	humiliate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 harmed	conj
7	while	while	SCONJ	_	10 amused	mark
8	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 amused	nsubj
9	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 amused	cop
10	amused	amused	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 humiliated	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	harm	present · passive		One person		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer
2	humiliate	participle				vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
3	is	present	others		amused property	tree rules

Option 2

The prank is performed out of doors

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 prank	det
2	prank	prank	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 performed	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 performed	aux:pass
4	performed	perform	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	out	out	ADP	_	7 doors	case
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 doors	case
7	doors	door	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 performed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	perform	present · passive		the prank		doors			vn performance-26.7 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 3

The prank occurs on a weekday

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 prank	det
2	prank	prank	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 occurs	nsubj
3	occurs	occur	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 weekday	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 weekday	det
6	weekday	weekday	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 occurs	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	occur	present	the prank			a weekday			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on weekday=Location

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

The prank is elaborate in its preparation and requires several persons

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 prank	det
2	prank	prank	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 elaborate	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 elaborate	cop
4	elaborate	elaborate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 preparation	case
6	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 preparation	nmod:poss
7	preparation	preparation	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 elaborate	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 requires	cc
9	requires	require	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 elaborate	conj
10	several	several	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 persons	amod
11	persons	person	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 requires	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	present	the prank		prank's preparation	elaborate property	tree rules
2	require	present	the prank not said here	several persons			vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme person=Precondition
3	prepare		prank				nom preparation «act transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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